{"id":10545,"date":"2021-10-08T22:15:12","date_gmt":"2021-10-08T19:15:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/tr\/?p=10545"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:15:13","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T19:15:13","slug":"nukleer-enerji-neden-populer-olamiyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/nukleer-enerji-neden-populer-olamiyor\/","title":{"rendered":"N\u00fckleer Enerji Neden Pop\u00fcler Olam\u0131yor?\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

N\u00fckleer enerji, bir atomun \u00e7ekirde\u011finde tutulan enerjidir.\u202f<\/span>Fisyon<\/span><\/a>\u202f\u202fve\u202f\u202f<\/span>f\u00fczyon<\/span><\/a>\u00a0olmak\u00a0\u00fczere\u00a0<\/span>iki t\u00fcr reaksiyon yoluyla elde edilebilir.\u00a0<\/span>Basit\u00e7e ifade etmek gerekirse,\u00a0fisyon\u00a0bir atomun ikiye b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesidir. F\u00fczyon ise iki hafif atomun n\u00fckleer reaksiyonlar sonucu birle\u015ferek daha a\u011f\u0131r bir atom olu\u015fturmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nedenle\u00a0fisyon\u00a0ve f\u00fczyon birbirinden \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 olan kar\u015f\u0131t s\u00fcre\u00e7lerdir.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer\u00a0fisyon,\u202f\u202fbuhar \u00fcretebilen ve daha sonra\u202felektrik \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in\u202fbir\u202f<\/span>t\u00fcrbini<\/span><\/a>\u202fd\u00f6nd\u00fcrmek\u00a0i\u00e7in\u00a0kullan\u0131labilen\u202f\u202f\u0131s\u0131\u202f<\/span>enerjisini<\/span><\/a>\u202fserbest\u00a0b\u0131rakan atomlar\u0131n b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi yoluyla enerji \u00fcretir.\u00a0 G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn t\u00fcm n\u00fckleer santralleri\u202f<\/span>elektrik<\/span><\/a>\u202f\u00fcretmek\u00a0i\u00e7in\u00a0fisyon\u00a0kullanmaktad\u0131r.\u202fFisyon\u00a0i\u00e7in en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan yak\u0131t uranyumdur, ancak pl\u00fctonyum veya toryum gibi ek elementler de kullan\u0131labilir.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer f\u00fczyon, iki veya daha fazla atom \u00e7ekirde\u011finin \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek h\u0131zlarda \u00e7arp\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve yeni bir t\u00fcr atom \u00e7ekirde\u011fi olu\u015fturmak \u00fczere birle\u015fti\u011fi bir n\u00fckleer reaksiyondur.\u202fBu i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda madde korunmaz \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc kayna\u015fan \u00e7ekirdeklerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kullan\u0131labilir enerji \u00fcreten fotonlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr.\u202fBu s\u00fcre\u00e7, g\u00fcne\u015f ve y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n enerji vermesini sa\u011flayan \u015feydir.\u202fF\u00fczyon g\u00fcc\u00fc, gelecek nesiller i\u00e7in neredeyse t\u00fckenmez bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131 olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sunmaktad\u0131r.\u202fBununla birlikte, n\u00fckleer f\u00fczyon i\u00e7in ko\u015fullar\u0131n yarat\u0131lmas\u0131, potansiyel olarak a\u015f\u0131lmaz bir bilimsel ve m\u00fchendislik zorlu\u011fu sunar.\u202f<\/span>Yak\u0131n zamanda \u00c7in\u2019de yap\u0131lan bir deney<\/span><\/a>, n\u00fckleer f\u00fczyonun elde edilebilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir, ancak hen\u00fcz ticari \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde g\u00f6sterilmemi\u015ftir.\u00a0N\u00fckleer enerji,\u00a0fisyon\u00a0yoluyla, atom ba\u015f\u0131na\u202f<\/span>fosil yak\u0131tlardan<\/span><\/a>\u202f1 milyon kat daha\u00a0fazla enerji a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karabilir.\u202fAyr\u0131ca,\u202fmevcut altyap\u0131da birka\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fiklikle, \u015fu anda fosil yak\u0131t \u00fcretimini kullanan\u202f<\/span>elektrik \u015febekelerine<\/span><\/a>\u202fde\u00a0entegre\u00a0edilebilir.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn n\u00fckleer santraller, k\u00fcresel elektrik \u00fcretiminin %11’ini kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor ve bu kurulu g\u00fcc\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k %80’i OECD \u00fclkelerinde bulunuyor. Bu kapasitenin tamam\u0131 n\u00fckleer\u00a0fisyondur.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer enerji, b\u00fcy\u00fck g\u00fc\u00e7 \u00fcretme kapasitesine ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck i\u015fletme maliyetlerine sahiptir, bu da onu temel y\u00fck \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in ideal hale getirir.\u202fAncak,\u00a0\u00f6n sermaye maliyetleri fazlad\u0131r\u00a0ve enerji santrallerinin maliyetlerini geri kazanmak i\u00e7in i\u015fletmek zorunda olduklar\u0131 uzun zaman dilimleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar i\u00e7in finansal risk olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer enerji, sera gaz\u0131\u00a0emisyonu\u00a0yaymaz.\u00a0Bu nedenle, genellikle fosil yak\u0131tl\u0131 enerji \u00fcretiminin bir alternatifi ve iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini hafifletmek i\u00e7in bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bununla birlikte, n\u00fckleer\u00a0fisyon, elektrik \u00fcretimi ile ilgili \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00e7evre ve sa\u011fl\u0131k sorunlar\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131na sahiptir.\u202fEn b\u00fcy\u00fck endi\u015fe, uranyum art\u0131klar\u0131, kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f\u00a0reakt\u00f6r yak\u0131t\u0131 ve di\u011fer radyoaktif at\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fcretilmesidir.\u202fBu malzemelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 radyoaktif kalabilir ve binlerce y\u0131l hem insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem de \u00e7evre i\u00e7in tehlikeli olabilir.\u202fTarihteki birka\u00e7 b\u00fcy\u00fck n\u00fckleer erime kazas\u0131, \u00e7evre ve \u00e7evredeki topluluklar \u00fczerinde kal\u0131c\u0131 olumsuz etkileri olan radyoaktif at\u0131klar a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.\u202fBu da n\u00fckleer\u00a0fisyon\u00a0teknolojilerini tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 hale getirmi\u015ftir.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eu anda d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 30 \u00fclkede 444 n\u00fckleer santral var ve potansiyel olarak yap\u0131m a\u015famas\u0131nda olan 63 santral daha var.\u202f<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Neden N\u00fckleer\u00a0Enerji\u00a0Kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 var?<\/span><\/b>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

N\u00fckleer enerji kar\u015f\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerine ba\u015fl\u0131klar halinde bakarsak;<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n