{"id":11137,"date":"2022-03-16T22:01:01","date_gmt":"2022-03-16T19:01:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/tr\/?p=11137"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:15:09","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T19:15:09","slug":"rusya-ukrayna-savasinin-dogalgaz-tedariki-acisindan-degerlendirilmesi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/rusya-ukrayna-savasinin-dogalgaz-tedariki-acisindan-degerlendirilmesi\/","title":{"rendered":"Rusya Ukrayna Sava\u015finin Do\u011falgaz Tedari\u0307ki\u0307 A\u00e7isindan\u00a0 De\u011ferlendi\u0307ri\u0307lmesi\u0307"},"content":{"rendered":"

G\u00f6ksel Topal<\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Bulgaristan, Kuzey Makedonya, Estonya ve Finlandiya gibi Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin \u00f6nemli bir k\u0131sm\u0131 %100 Rusya Do\u011falgaz\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 durumda olup bu \u00fclkelerin do\u011falgaz ihtiyac\u0131 yaln\u0131zca Rusya\u2019dan kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Di\u011fer Avrupa \u00fclkeleri ile kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bu \u00fclkelerin Rusya\u2019dan ithal ettikleri gaz miktarlar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fckt\u00fcr. \u00d6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde sava\u015f\u0131n sonucu olarak Rusya taraf\u0131ndan gaz ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n kesilmesinden; Rusya\u2019n\u0131n \u00e7ok fazla etkilenmeyece\u011fini fakat tek tedarik\u00e7inin Rusya olmas\u0131 sebebiyle baz\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinin ciddi derece zarar g\u00f6rece\u011fini \u00f6ng\u00f6rebiliriz. Almanya, \u00c7ekya, Polonya ve \u0130talya gibi bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkeleri do\u011falgaz\u0131, fosil yak\u0131tlardan temiz ve yenilebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131na ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinde k\u00f6pr\u00fc olarak kullanmaktad\u0131r. Almanya ve \u0130talya\u2019n\u0131n Rusya devletine bir yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulamas\u0131 ya da Rusya taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lacak bir kesintisinde b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde etkilenece\u011fini belirtebiliriz.<\/p>\n

Litvanya 2015 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar t\u00fcm do\u011falgaz tedarikini Rusya\u2019dan kar\u015f\u0131larken bu oran \u015fu anda y\u00fczde %69 seviyelerine kadar d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Polonya, Sovyetler Birli\u011fi\u2019nin y\u0131k\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan kademeli olarak Rus gaz\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 azaltmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, hala oran y\u00fczde %80\u2019in \u00fczerinde kalmaktad\u0131r. Fransa, do\u011falgaz ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n %10\u2019dan az\u0131n\u0131 Rusya\u2019dan kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r. Hollanda 2005\u2019e kadar hi\u00e7 do\u011falgaz ithal etmedi\u011fi Rusya\u2019dan kendi ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n %5\u2019ine yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 ithal etmektedir. \u0130talya y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde do\u011falgaz ithalat oran\u0131 azaltmay\u0131 planlamas\u0131na ra\u011fmen son y\u0131llarda bu oran tekrar %33 seviyelerine ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131, Avrupa Birli\u011finin Rusya Do\u011falgaz\u0131na olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 3\u2019te 1 oran\u0131nda azaltmak ve Avrupa Ye\u015fil Mutabakat\u0131n\u0131 desteklemek i\u00e7in 10 maddelik bir plan sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1. Rusya ile gaz tedarik s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerini yenilemeyerek.<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Bu y\u0131l ve \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemlerde arz\u0131n daha fazla \u00e7e\u015fitlendirilmesini sa\u011flar.
\n2. Rus kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 alternatif kaynaklardan gelen gazla de\u011fi\u015ftirerek.<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Rusya kaynakl\u0131 olmayan gaz arz\u0131n\u0131 bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyar metrek\u00fcp art\u0131r\u0131yor.
\n3. Minimum gaz depolama y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerini yerine getirerek.<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Gelecek k\u0131\u015fa kadar gaz sisteminin s\u00fcreklili\u011fini artt\u0131r\u0131r.
\n4. Yeni r\u00fczg\u00e2r ve g\u00fcne\u015f projelerini s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini h\u0131zland\u0131rarak.<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde gaz kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 6 milyar metrek\u00fcp azalt\u0131r.
\n5. Biyoenerji ve n\u00fckleer enerjiden enerji \u00fcretimini en \u00fcst d\u00fczeye \u00e7\u0131kararak.<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Bir y\u0131l i\u00e7inde gaz kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 13 milyar metrek\u00fcp azalt\u0131r.
\n6. Elektrik t\u00fcketicilerini y\u00fcksek fiyatlardan korumak i\u00e7in k\u0131sa vadeli vergi \u00f6nlemleri alarak<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Gaz fiyatlar\u0131 y\u00fcksek kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bile enerji faturalar\u0131nda ani de\u011fi\u015fikler olmaz.
\n7. Gaz kazanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0131s\u0131 pompalar\u0131yla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi s\u00fcrecini h\u0131zland\u0131rarak.<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Gaz kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131lda ek 2 milyar metrek\u00fcp azalt\u0131r.
\n8. Binalarda ve end\u00fcstride enerji verimlili\u011fi iyile\u015ftirmelerini artt\u0131rarak.<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Gaz kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131lda 2 milyar metrek\u00fcpe yak\u0131n azalt\u0131r.
\n9. T\u00fcketicilerin termostat de\u011ferlerini 1 \u00b0C d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesini te\u015fvik ederek.<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Gaz kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 milyar metrek\u00fcp azalt\u0131r.
\n10. \u00dcretim kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitlendirme ve karbondan ar\u0131nd\u0131rma s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini h\u0131zland\u0131rarak.<\/strong>
\nEtkisi: Santrallerde kullan\u0131lan yak\u0131t maliyetlerini azalt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

RUSYA \u2013 UKRAYNA SAVA\u015eININ G\u00d6LGES\u0130NDE T\u00dcRK\u0130YE\u2019N\u0130N DO\u011eALGAZ \u0130THALATININ \u0130NCELENMES\u0130<\/h4>\n

Bota\u015f verilerini inceledi\u011fimizde T\u00fcrkiye, Azerbaycan\u2019dan g\u00fcnl\u00fck 19.1 milyon m3<\/sup> , TANAP\u2019dan 17.3 milyon m3<\/sup>, \u0130ran\u2019dan 28.5 milyon m3<\/sup>, MaviAk\u0131m\u2019dan (Rusya) 47.3 milyon m3<\/sup>, T\u00fcrkAk\u0131m\u2019dan (RUSYA) 46,9 milyon m3<\/sup> gaz alma kapasitesine sahiptir. Ayr\u0131ca yine g\u00fcnl\u00fck olarak BOTA\u015e Marmara LNG terminalinde 37 milyon m3<\/sup>, Silivri do\u011falgaz yeralt\u0131 depolama tesisinde 28 milyon m3<\/sup>, EGEGAZ terminalinde 40 milyon m3<\/sup>, ETK\u0130 Liman FRSU tesisinde 28 milyon m3<\/sup> kapasitesi bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

EPDK\u2019nin yay\u0131nlam\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu y\u0131ll\u0131k do\u011falgaz ithalat\u0131n\u0131 inceledi\u011fimizde ise kaynak \u00fclkeler bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ithalat\u0131n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131; Rusya %33.59 , Azerbaycan %24, \u0130ran %11,06, Cezayir %11.58 ,Nijerya %2.82 ve y\u00fczde 16.95\u2019i di\u011fer \u00fclkeler olu\u015fturmakt\u0131r. \u00dclkemiz do\u011fal gazda Rusya’ya olan ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk bak\u0131\u015fta g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Rusya ile yap\u0131lan uzun vadeli Ticari Do\u011falgaz Anla\u015fmalar\u0131 gere\u011fi \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki g\u00fcnlerde \u00fclkemizde gaz kesintileri \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir.<\/p>\n

\u00dclkemizin ithal edilen do\u011falgaz kullan\u0131mdan ise elektrik \u00fcretimi ilk s\u0131radad\u0131r. 2021 verilerini inceledi\u011fimizde do\u011falgaz\u0131n %26.64\u2019\u00fc kombine \u00e7evrim santrallerinde, %23.10\u2019u sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde, %10.97\u2019si ticarethane ve resmi dairelerde, %36.3\u2019\u00fc konutlarda, %2.53\u2019\u00fc petrol rafinelerinde kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Kaynaklar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. https:\/\/www.bruegel.org\/2022\/03\/the<\/a>–<\/a>economic<\/a>–<\/a>policy<\/a>–<\/a>consequences<\/a>–<\/a>of<\/a>–<\/a>the<\/a>–<\/a>war\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  2. https:\/\/www.iea.org\/news\/how<\/a>–<\/a>europe<\/a>–<\/a>can<\/a>–<\/a>cut<\/a>–<\/a>natural<\/a>–<\/a>gas<\/a>–<\/a>imports<\/a>–<\/a>from<\/a>–<\/a>russia<\/a>significantly<\/a>–<\/a>within<\/a>–<\/a>a<\/a>–<\/a>year<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/tr\/analiz\/avrupanin<\/a>–<\/a>rus<\/a>–<\/a>gazina<\/a>–<\/a>alternatifleri\/2528628<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. https:\/\/tr.euronews.com\/2022\/03\/01\/avrupa<\/a>–<\/a>ulkeleri<\/a>–<\/a>enerjide<\/a>–<\/a>d<\/a>–<\/a>sa<\/a>–<\/a>ne<\/a>–<\/a>kadar<\/a>–<\/a>bag<\/a>–<\/a>ml<\/a>–<\/a>dogal<\/a>gaz<\/a>–<\/a>hangi<\/a>–<\/a>ulkelerden<\/a>–<\/a>al<\/a>–<\/a>yor<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. https:\/\/www.aa.com.tr\/tr\/ekonomi\/rusya<\/a>–<\/a>enerji<\/a>–<\/a>ihracatinda<\/a>–<\/a>avrupaya<\/a>–<\/a>cok<\/a>–<\/a>bagimli\/2512310<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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