{"id":2886,"date":"2016-03-28T10:27:22","date_gmt":"2016-03-28T07:27:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/tr\/?p=2886"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:14:22","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T19:14:22","slug":"dusuk-enerji-fiyatlari-enerji-verimliligini-ve-teknolojik-gelisimi-olumsuz-mu-etkiliyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/dusuk-enerji-fiyatlari-enerji-verimliligini-ve-teknolojik-gelisimi-olumsuz-mu-etkiliyor\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck Enerji Fiyatlar\u0131 Enerji Verimlili\u011fini Ve Teknolojik Geli\u015fimi Olumsuz Mu Etkiliyor"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n

TESPAM Yenilenebilir Enerji Uzmanlar\u0131<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\n

15 Ekim 1973\u2019te, Arap-\u0130srail \u00e7eki\u015fmelerini sebep g\u00f6stererek, Petrol \u0130hra\u00e7 Eden Arap \u00dclkeleri Birli\u011fi\u2019nin (OAPEC) petrol ambargosu ilan etmesiyle birinci petrol krizi ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve ambargo \u00f6ncesi 20 Dolar alt\u0131nda seyreden ham petrol fiyatlar\u0131 k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ikiye katland\u0131. Yakla\u015f\u0131k 7 y\u0131l sonra Petrol \u0130hra\u00e7 Eden \u00dclkeler Birli\u011finin (OPEC) ham petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karma karar\u0131 almas\u0131yla ikinci petrol krizi kendini g\u00f6sterdi ve Nisan 1980\u2019de 104 Dolar ile ham petrol tarihi zirvesini g\u00f6rd\u00fc.<\/p>\n

Bu durum b\u00fcy\u00fck makroekonomik etkileri de beraberinde getirdi. Ba\u015fta Amerika, Japonya ve Bat\u0131 Avrupa \u00fclkelerinde olmak \u00fczere enerji verimlili\u011fine y\u00f6nelik \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131, fosil yak\u0131tlar\u0131n alternatif enerji kaynaklar ile ikame edilmesi \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar ve Ar-Ge programlar\u0131 h\u0131z kazand\u0131. Fakat, petrol fiyatlar\u0131 ancak 30 y\u0131l sonra zirveyi b\u0131rakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Temmuz 2008\u2019de ham petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n 144 Dolar seviyesini g\u00f6rmesinin ard\u0131ndan kaya petrol\u00fc \u00fcretimindeki art\u0131\u015f, Irak ve Libya\u2019da petrol \u00fcretiminin azalmas\u0131, siyasi konjonkt\u00fcr ve OPEC\u2019in \u00fcretim kotas\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmama karar\u0131 almas\u0131 sonucunda 2014\u2019te fiyatlar yar\u0131 yar\u0131ya azald\u0131 ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki 35-40 Dolar band\u0131na kadar geriledi. Peki, fiyatlardaki bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn enerji verimlili\u011fine ve teknolojik geli\u015fime etkisi nas\u0131l oldu?<\/p>\n

Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (IEA) \u201cD\u00fcnya Enerji G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc 2015\u201d adl\u0131 raporunda, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n toplamda 0,8 trilyon Dolar enerji verimlili\u011fi yat\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kesece\u011fi ve verimlilik nedeniyle sa\u011flanacak tasarrufun y\u00fczde 14\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn iptal olmas\u0131na neden olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor[1]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

Enerji fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6ncelikle direkt etki etti\u011fi ula\u015ft\u0131rma sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, sekt\u00f6rdeki ilk d\u00fczenlemelerin birinci petrol krizi sonras\u0131 getirildi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. 1973 sonras\u0131 bir taraftan y\u00fck ve yolcu ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha verimli ula\u015f\u0131m modlar\u0131na kayd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik politikalar geli\u015ftirilirken, di\u011fer taraftan da araba \u00fcreticilerine ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n enerji t\u00fcketimlerine ili\u015fkin s\u0131n\u0131rlamalar getirildi. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck hacimli ve y\u00fcksek g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc motorlar\u0131n \u00fcretimi \u00fczerine Ar-Ge \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131. 2000li y\u0131llarda petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek seyretmesi elektrikli ve hibrit ara\u00e7lar\u0131 daha maliyet etkin bir konuma getirirken, 2014\u2019teki petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015fmesine neden geli\u015fmelerle sekt\u00f6re olan ilgi ve yat\u0131r\u0131mlar azald\u0131. Amerika\u2019daki 2015\u2019te ara\u00e7 sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 6 oran\u0131nda artmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen elektrikli ara\u00e7 sat\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 6 oran\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6stermesi[2]<\/a> bu duruma \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n

Di\u011fer taraftan, ba\u015fta elektrik fiyatlar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere enerji fiyatlar\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fim hane halk\u0131n\u0131n enerji t\u00fcketim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011frudan etkilemektedir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 m\u00fc\u015fterilerin y\u00fczde 85\u2019inin karar alma a\u015famas\u0131nda enerji etiketlerini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurdu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir[3]<\/a>. A+++ s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bir buzdolab\u0131n\u0131n E s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 83, A+++\u00a0 s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 bir bula\u015f\u0131k makinas\u0131n\u0131n D s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 45 daha az enerji t\u00fcketti\u011fi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha verimli \u00fcr\u00fcnlere olan talebin teknolojik geli\u015fimi ne denli destekleyerek \u00fcreticileri verimli \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretmeye zorlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6stermektedir[4]<\/a>.<\/p>\n

K\u00fcresel rekabet ortam\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck k\u00e2r pay\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya maruz kalan end\u00fcstriyel i\u015fletmelerin \u00fcretim maliyetleri i\u00e7erisinde enerji maliyetlerinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6neme sahiptir. Sanayi alt sekt\u00f6rlerinde enerji maliyetlerinin toplam maliyetlere oran\u0131 \u00e7imento sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde y\u00fczde 50\u2019lerdeyken, demir-\u00e7elik ve cam sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde bu oran y\u00fczde 30\u2019lara ula\u015fmaktad\u0131r[5]<\/a>. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla, enerji fiyatlar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimin \u00f6zellikle enerji yo\u011fun sekt\u00f6rlerin rekabet\u00e7ili\u011fini do\u011frudan etkileyece\u011fi ve fiyatlardaki olas\u0131 bir art\u0131\u015f\u0131n bu sekt\u00f6rlerde verimlilik ve Ar-Ge \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 etki edece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir. Tabii ki enerji fiyatlar\u0131ndaki a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 veya orant\u0131s\u0131z bir art\u0131\u015f\u0131n da i\u015fletmelerin k\u00fcresel rekabet\u00e7ili\u011fini sonland\u0131rabilece\u011fi ger\u00e7e\u011fi g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemelidir.<\/p>\n

K\u0131sacas\u0131, enerji fiyatlar\u0131 gerek enerji verimlili\u011fi gerekse Ar-Ge \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00f6nemli bir etkiye sahiptir. Minimum \u00e7abayla maksimum faydan\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 \u00fczerine kurulu bir d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni i\u00e7in enerji fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seyretti\u011fi bir d\u00f6nemde \u00f6nemli teknolojik geli\u015fmelerin ve b\u00fcy\u00fck at\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n olmas\u0131 pek olas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmemektedir.<\/p>\n

[1]<\/a> Yeni Politikalar senaryosu baz al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in bk. International Energy Agency, \u201cWorld Energy Outlook 2015, Paris, s. 387.<\/p>\n

[2]<\/a> Vikas SHUKLA, \u201cTesla Model 3: How Will Low Oil Prices Affect The New Car?\u201d, 28 Ocak 2016. Daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131\u00a0 bilgi i\u00e7in bk. http:\/\/www.valuewalk.com\/2016\/01\/tesla-model-3-low-oil-prices\/<\/p>\n

[3]<\/a> David MORGADO, \u201cTracking Progress and Assessing the Multiple Benefits\u201d, Energy Efficiency Training Week 2015<\/em>,\u00a0 International Energy Agency, 2015.<\/p>\n

[4]<\/a> Elektrikli ev aletlerinin verimlili\u011findeki bu art\u0131\u015fta mevzuat d\u00fczenlemeleri de \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir rol oynam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

[5]<\/a> Bilal D\u00dcZG\u00dcN, \u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Enerji Verimlili\u011finin De\u011ferlendirilmesi: Beyaz Sertifikalar Sisteminin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye Uygulanabilirli\u011finin \u0130ncelenmesi\u201d, Ocak 2014, s. 11.<\/p>\n

Bilal D\u00fczg\u00fcn, 28.03.2016<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

“Yay\u0131nlanan haber ve yaz\u0131lar\u0131n t\u00fcm haklar\u0131 TESPAM’a aittir. <\/strong>Tekrar yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131 halinde kaynak g\u00f6sterilerek bu sayfaya aktif ba\u011flant\u0131 sa\u011flanmas\u0131 zorunludur.”<\/strong><\/span><\/h5>\n

\u201cT\u00fcrkiye\u2019deki enerji politikalar\u0131 odakl\u0131 ilk ve tek sivil yap\u0131lanma\u2026\u201d\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cEnerji politikalar\u0131 alan\u0131nda g\u00fcndemi uzaktan takip etmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bir T\u00fcrkiye yerine, g\u00fcndem belirleyen bir T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye ula\u015fma idealiyle\u2026\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/h6>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

TESPAM-T\u00fcrkiye Enerji Politikalar\u0131 ve Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 Merkezi<\/p>\n

TESPAM, Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Politikalar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Derne\u011finin Bir Kurulu\u015fudur<\/strong><\/em><\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TESPAM Yenilenebilir Enerji Uzmanlar\u0131 15 Ekim 1973\u2019te, Arap-\u0130srail \u00e7eki\u015fmelerini sebep g\u00f6stererek, Petrol \u0130hra\u00e7 Eden Arap \u00dclkeleri Birli\u011fi\u2019nin (OAPEC) petrol ambargosu ilan etmesiyle birinci petrol krizi ortaya\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2888,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_thinkrank_schema_form_data":"","_thinkrank_selected_schema_type":"","_thinkrank_additional_schemas":"","_thinkrank_canonical_url":"","_thinkrank_og_title":"","_thinkrank_og_description":"","_thinkrank_og_image":"","_thinkrank_twitter_title":"","_thinkrank_twitter_description":"","_thinkrank_twitter_image":"","_thinkrank_imported_from":"","_thinkrank_focus_keywords":[],"_thinkrank_focus_keyword":"","_thinkrank_robots_meta_enabled":0,"_thinkrank_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_advanced_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_primary_category":0,"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[101,179,106,131,135,108,109],"tags":[249,448,124,196,248,429,238,120,247,208,251],"ppma_author":[2016],"class_list":["post-2886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-belge","category-diger","category-kose-yazilari","category-orta-dogu","category-rusya","category-tr","category-turkiye","tag-dunya-enerji-gorunumu","tag-elektrik-fiyatlari","tag-enerji-denklemi","tag-enerji-politkalari","tag-enerji-veri-bankasi","tag-petrol-fiyatlari","tag-sivil-toplum","tag-turkiye","tag-turkiye-jeolojisi","tag-uluslararasi-enerji-ajansi","tag-yenilebilir-enerji"],"yoast_head":"\nD\u00fc\u015f\u00fck 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