{"id":4488,"date":"2017-03-08T08:55:16","date_gmt":"2017-03-08T06:55:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/tr\/?p=4488"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:14:17","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T19:14:17","slug":"iklim-degisikligi-anlasmasina-ragmen-cin-komur-uretimini-artiriyor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/iklim-degisikligi-anlasmasina-ragmen-cin-komur-uretimini-artiriyor\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Anla\u015fmas\u0131na Ra\u011fmen \u00c7in K\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00dcretimini Art\u0131r\u0131yor"},"content":{"rendered":"

*Dr. Sel\u00e7uk \u00d6ZGEN & Ferda BAYRAK<\/p>\n

*Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezleri Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc<\/p>\n

sozgen@tespam.org\/tr<\/a><\/p>\n

\n

\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ekonomiler b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in \u201cS\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Geli\u015fme Hedefleri\u201d ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildik\u00e7e, daha fazla insan\u0131n daha \u00e7ok kolayl\u0131k ve e\u011fitim f\u0131rsat\u0131ndan yararlanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fehirlere g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc s\u00fcrecektir<\/span>.<\/p>\n

\u00d6yle ki, 2050 y\u0131l\u0131nda Asya\u2019n\u0131n \u015fehirle\u015fmi\u015f n\u00fcfusunun % 65\u2019i bulaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmekte. \u00d6rne\u011fin Hindistan\u2019da Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n verilerine g\u00f6re 237 milyon insan\u0131n hala elektri\u011fe eri\u015fimi bulunmamakta. Hindistan\u2019\u0131n elektrik t\u00fcketim oran\u0131 d\u00fcnya ortalamas\u0131n\u0131n alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu gibi, OECD \u00fclkelerinden de on kat daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. Bihar \u015fehrinin ortalama elektrik t\u00fcketimi y\u0131ll\u0131k ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 50 kWh civar\u0131nda ki, bu bir evde ancak bir klima fan\u0131n\u0131, bir mobil telefonu ve iki floresan lambay\u0131 5 saatli\u011fine \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131racak kadar bir t\u00fcketime e\u015fit. Hindistan n\u00fcfusunun % 67\u2019si yemek pi\u015firmek i\u00e7in bile hala odun ve hayvan at\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmakta.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Enerji eri\u015fiminin geli\u015ftirilmesi ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi de beraberinde getirecektir. Hindistan H\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00fclkenin ekonomisinin \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki birka\u00e7 y\u0131lda ikiye katlan\u0131p 5 trilyon dolar\u0131 bulaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmektedir. Hindistan gibi bir \u00fclke i\u00e7in k\u00f6m\u00fcrle yenilenebilir kaynaklar aras\u0131nda se\u00e7im diye bir \u015fey olamaz \u2013 ikisi de \u00f6nemli, ikisi de gerekli. \u00c7in\u2019e bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaysa 1,3 milyar n\u00fcfusun yaln\u0131zca 3 milyonu elektrik eri\u015fiminden yoksun. Buna ra\u011fmen Paris \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Zirvesi\u2019nde belirttikleri \u00fczere, k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00fclke ekonomisindeki yeri \u00c7in i\u00e7in hala hayati derecede \u00f6nemli. Sadece elektrik \u00fcretimi i\u00e7in de\u011fil ayr\u0131ca modern yap\u0131la\u015fmada gerekli olan malzeme temini i\u00e7in de.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in d\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00fcreticisi ve t\u00fcketicisi konumunda. 2014 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00fcretti\u011fi elektri\u011fin % 74\u2019\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00f6m\u00fcrden sa\u011flayan \u00fclkede k\u00f6m\u00fcr kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan kaynaklanan hava kirlili\u011fi insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tehdit eder boyutlarda. K\u00f6m\u00fcre bu denli ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k yaln\u0131zca \u00fclkenin kendi i\u00e7inde de\u011fil d\u00fcnya \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde de bir \u00e7ok sorunu beraberinde getirmekte. D\u00fcnyada k\u00f6m\u00fcr yak\u0131lmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan CO2<\/sub> olu\u015fumunda \u00c7in t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n CO2 <\/sub>emisyonunun d\u00f6rtte birlik bir k\u0131sm\u0131 ile birinci sorumlu konumunda. Bu nedenle \u00fclke 2005 y\u0131l\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00fcretti\u011fi CO2 <\/sub>sal\u0131n\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 2020\u2019ye kadar %40 oran\u0131nda azaltmay\u0131 planl\u0131yor.<\/p>\n

K\u00f6m\u00fcr stoklar\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131 ve elektrik kesinti risklerinin artmas\u0131, tedirginliklere yol a\u00e7makta ve bu y\u00fczden kapanan madenler tekrar a\u00e7\u0131larak, madenciler daha y\u00fcksek maa\u015flar ile i\u015flerine geri d\u00f6nmektedir. Ayr\u0131ca k\u00f6m\u00fcr rezervlerinin azalmas\u0131 farkl\u0131 \u00fclkelerden yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ithalatlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7meyi de zorla\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Hal b\u00f6yle olunca d\u00fcnyadaki karbon emisyonunun b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131na \u00c7in\u2019in k\u00f6m\u00fcr ve k\u00f6m\u00fcrden enerji \u00fcretimi neden olmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Peki neden g\u00fcney do\u011fu Asya \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7in k\u00f6m\u00fcr bu denli \u00f6nemli ve kullan\u0131lmaya devam edilecek? Sorunun cevab\u0131 yine paraya dayan\u0131yor. Elektri\u011fin ya\u015fam d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fc maliyeti in\u015faat yat\u0131r\u0131m maliyeti, yakma maliyeti, ta\u015f\u0131ma maliyeti ve benzer maliyetler de dahil olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer teknolojilerle k\u0131yaslanmayacak kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00c7in\u2019de y\u00fcksek verim d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck emisyon (High Efficiency Low Emissions \u2013 HELE) teknolojisi baz\u0131 yenilenebilirlerle k\u0131yasland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 5 kat daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyede. Ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde Asya\u2019n\u0131n her yerinde k\u00f6m\u00fcr elde edilebilir durumda. \u00dclkelerin \u00e7o\u011funun kendi yerli kayna\u011f\u0131 ve deniz a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 \u00fclkelere ticaret i\u00e7in temini de \u00e7ok rahat. \u00d6zellikle HELE teknolojiler (s\u00fcper-kritik ve ultra s\u00fcper-kritik) HELE olmayanlara (alt-kritik) g\u00f6re biraz daha pahal\u0131 olsa da, yine de di\u011fer fosil yak\u0131tlara ve s\u00fcreklilik arz etmeyen teknolojilere g\u00f6re \u00e7ok daha rekabet\u00e7i.<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya Enerji Ajans\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ge\u00e7en y\u0131l yay\u0131nlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cWorld Energy Outlook\u201d raporunda da d\u00fcnyada enerji \u00fcretiminde k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn \u00f6neminin s\u00fcrece\u011fi g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne serilmektedir. Rapora g\u00f6re 2040 y\u0131l\u0131na gelindi\u011finde k\u00f6m\u00fcrden \u00fcretilen elektri\u011fin di\u011fer t\u00fcm yenilenebilir enerji t\u00fcrlerinin toplam\u0131ndan (hidro enerji dahil) daha y\u00fcksek seviyede olaca\u011f\u0131 tahmin edilmektedir. Ajans\u0131n son tahminlerine g\u00f6re 2040 y\u0131l\u0131nda 730 GW g\u00fcce sahip k\u00f6m\u00fcrle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan santralin HELE teknolojilerini kullanaca\u011f\u0131 ve bu sayede seragaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131nda da % 30\u2019luk bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fanaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde. Hindistan ve g\u00fcney do\u011fu Asya \u00fclkelerinde de durum de\u011fi\u015fmeyecek. Bu \u00fclkelerin ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeleri g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn enerji \u00fcretim kaynaklar\u0131 i\u00e7erisinden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyecek bir ger\u00e7ek ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fcn verimli bir \u015fekilde yak\u0131lmas\u0131 bu \u00fclkeler ve dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile t\u00fcm d\u00fcnya i\u00e7in en ger\u00e7ek\u00e7i \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

*Dr. Sel\u00e7uk \u00d6ZGEN & Ferda BAYRAK *Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezleri Koordinat\u00f6r\u00fc sozgen@tespam.org\/tr G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ekonomiler b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e ve Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler\u2019in \u201cS\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Geli\u015fme Hedefleri\u201d ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirildik\u00e7e, daha fazla insan\u0131n daha \u00e7ok kolayl\u0131k ve e\u011fitim f\u0131rsat\u0131ndan yararlanmas\u0131…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":62,"featured_media":4489,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_thinkrank_schema_form_data":"","_thinkrank_selected_schema_type":"","_thinkrank_additional_schemas":"","_thinkrank_canonical_url":"","_thinkrank_og_title":"","_thinkrank_og_description":"","_thinkrank_og_image":"","_thinkrank_twitter_title":"","_thinkrank_twitter_description":"","_thinkrank_twitter_image":"","_thinkrank_imported_from":"","_thinkrank_focus_keywords":[],"_thinkrank_focus_keyword":"","_thinkrank_robots_meta_enabled":0,"_thinkrank_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_advanced_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_primary_category":0,"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[106],"tags":[485,499,451,500,501,454,379,502],"ppma_author":[2032,2031],"class_list":["post-4488","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kose-yazilari","tag-birlesmis-milletler","tag-cin","tag-ferda-bayrak","tag-high-efficiency-low-emissions","tag-iklim-degisikligi","tag-komur","tag-selcuk-ozgen","tag-world-energy-outlook"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0130klim 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