{"id":6258,"date":"2018-03-28T21:30:06","date_gmt":"2018-03-28T18:30:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/tr\/?p=6258"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:14:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T19:14:10","slug":"6258-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/6258-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7in&#039;in &#039;&#039;INE&#039;&#039; Hamlesi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00c7\u0130N\u2019\u0130N \u201cINE\u201d HAMLES\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>O\u011fuzhan AKYENER<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bir\u00e7ok uzman\u0131n \u201cyumu\u015fak g\u00fc\u00e7\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7in; ekonomi, ticaret, finans, teknoloji gibi alanlarda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck hamlelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, enerji ve \u00f6zellikle petrol alan\u0131nda da ad\u0131m ad\u0131m d\u00fcnya liderli\u011fini ABD\u2019nin elinden almaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Petrol ve do\u011falgaz\u0131n arama, \u00fcretim, depolama, nakil, rafinaj, sat\u0131\u015f, pazarlama, di\u011fer servis hizmetleri gibi b\u00fct\u00fcn alanlar\u0131nda, teknik yeterlili\u011fiyle, finansal kapasitesiyle, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetlerle i\u015f yapabilme yetene\u011fiyle dikkat \u00e7eken \u00c7in firmalar\u0131 d\u00fcnyan\u0131n neredeyse b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u00f6lgelerinde sekt\u00f6r\u00fc elinde tutan ba\u015fta ABD\u2019li olmak \u00fczere, di\u011fer bat\u0131l\u0131 firmalar\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011flamaya ba\u015flam\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Hatta \u00f6yle ki, \u00c7in\u2019in milli petrol \u015firketleri d\u00fcnyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck \u015firketler s\u0131ralamas\u0131nda ilk be\u015fe girmeyi ba\u015farm\u0131\u015f ve di\u011fer bat\u0131l\u0131 \u015firketleri geride b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm bu alanlarda oldu\u011fu gibi, petrol ticareti ve tedarik g\u00fcvenli\u011fi noktas\u0131nda da \u00c7in \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar atmaya devam etmektedir.\u00a0 Bu noktada petrol \u00fcretiminden, nakil projelerine, ilgili \u00fcretici \u00fclkelere y\u00f6nelik yat\u0131r\u0131m ve desteklere kadar \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc bir a\u011f olu\u015fturarak, \u015fimdiden 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na y\u00f6nelik enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fini garanti alt\u0131na alma noktas\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir yol kat etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>K\u00fcresel anlamda \u00e7ok ses getiren Yeni \u0130pek Yolu Projesinin de bu minvalde hedefleri bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Bu geli\u015fmelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00c7in, uzun s\u00fcredir \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 INE (\u015eanghay Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Borsas\u0131)\u2019yi devreye alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (Bknz: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ine.cn\/en\/\">http:\/\/www.ine.cn\/en\/<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>Bu kapsamda ilgili borsada Dubai, Umman, Masila (Yemen), Basra, Katar, Upper Zakum (BAE) ve Shangli (\u00c7in) men\u015feili petrol t\u00fcrleri olmak \u00fczere 7 farkl\u0131 gravitede sat\u0131\u015f hali haz\u0131rda ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lgili borsa kapsam\u0131nda hem yerel para birimi (yani Yuan ile) ticaret imkan\u0131 elde edilebilecek hem de ileri tarihli teslimatl\u0131 ve fiyat sabitlemeli i\u015flemler yap\u0131labilecektir. Ayr\u0131ca yabanc\u0131 yat\u0131r\u0131mc\u0131lar da her zaman borsaya aktif olarak kat\u0131labilecek ve ticarette yerlerini alabilecektir.<\/p>\n<p>Yeni faaliyete ba\u015flayan ve Yuan ile i\u015fleyen INE\u2019nin, ABD dolar\u0131 ile faaliyetlerine devam eden Londra\u2019daki Brent\u2019e ve New York\u2019taki WTI (West Texas Intermediate)\u2019a rakip olaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Hali haz\u0131rda di\u011fer iki rakibine k\u0131yasla \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck kapasiteye ve ticaret hacmine sahip olsa da, d\u00fcnyadaki en b\u00fcy\u00fck ham petrol ithalat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olan \u00c7in\u2019in bu borsa ile hem fiyat belirleme, hem ticari kapasitesini artt\u0131rma, hem k\u00fcresel fiyatlara etki etme, hem de \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck mebla\u011flarda i\u015flem hacmi olan k\u00fcresel bir borsaya sahip olabilme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli avantajlar\u0131 bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle uzun vadeli sat\u0131\u015flarda ve ileri tarihli \u2013 sabit fiyatl\u0131 kontratlar ile INE fiyatlar\u0131na ve dolay\u0131s\u0131 ile Brent ve WTI fiyatlar\u0131na da etki edilebilece\u011fi beklenmektedir. Fakat bunun i\u00e7in tabiki INE\u2019nin i\u015flem hacminin \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki grafikte \u00c7in ve ABD\u2019nin ham petrol ithalat miktarlar\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Grafikten anla\u015f\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 \u00fczere, \u00c7in ABD\u2019yi 2016 sonlar\u0131nda ge\u00e7mektedir. Hali haz\u0131rda 8 ila 9 milyon varil \/ g\u00fcnl\u00fck bir ithalat hacmine sahiptir. Hatta CNPC ithalat miktar\u0131n\u0131n 2018\u2019de 12 milyon varil \/ g\u00fcn seviyelerine \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmektedir. 2030\u2019lara gelindi\u011finde ise bu miktar\u0131n 18 milyon varil \/ g\u00fcn seviyelerine \u00e7\u0131kaca\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Yani \u00c7in\u2019in sadece kendi ithalat kontratlar\u0131n\u0131 bu borsa \u00fczerinden yapmas\u0131 dahi ciddi anlamda k\u00fcresel piyasalar \u00fczerinde etki do\u011furacakt\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde g\u00fcnl\u00fck petrol sat\u0131\u015f hacminin 96 milyon varil \/ g\u00fcn civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, \u00c7in \u015fimdiden (tabii mevcut kontratlar\u0131n\u0131 INE\u2019ye ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131ktan sonra) bu hacmin %10\u2019unu elinde tutabilecektir.<\/p>\n<p>Bunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, uygun ko\u015fullar olu\u015fturularak, Rusya, Hindistan, di\u011fer Hazar \u00fclkeleri, \u0130ran, baz\u0131 G\u00fcney \u00c7in Denizi \u00fclkeleri, baz\u0131 Orta Do\u011fu ve Afrika \u00fclkelerinin de kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 sa\u011flanabilir ise uzun vadede INE, Brent ve WTI ile rekabet edebilecek konuma gelecektir.<\/p>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-6259\" src=\"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/03\/Ekran-Al\u0131nt\u0131s\u0131-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"633\" height=\"251\" \/>Harita 1: ABD ve \u00c7in\u2019in Petrol \u0130thalatlar\u0131 (Kaynak: Bloomberg)<\/p>\n<p>Asl\u0131nda bu hamlenin zaten uygulama a\u015famas\u0131 devam eden \u201cYeni \u0130pek Yolu\u201d projesinin de bir par\u00e7as\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilecektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc hem ilgili proje kapsam\u0131na dahil edilen \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda, hem de \u015eanghay \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (\u015e\u0130\u00d6)\u2019nde b\u00f6yle bir uygulaman\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi uzun s\u00fcredir planlanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7in bu kapsamda gerekirse, di\u011fer baz\u0131 para birimlerini de sistemine dahil ederek (tabii ABD dolar\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda) \u00e7ok daha k\u0131sa zamanda kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131 bulma imkan\u0131 da sa\u011flayabilecektir.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00fcm bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, \u00c7in LNG ithalat\u0131 konusunda da Japonya ve G\u00fcney Kore gibi \u00fclkeleri dahil etti\u011fi benzer bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya \u00e7ok daha \u00f6ncesinden ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (<a href=\"https:\/\/tespam.org\/tr\/dunya-lng-dengeleri-2\/\">https:\/\/tespam.org\/tr\/dunya-lng-dengeleri-2\/<\/a>)<\/p>\n<p>Peki, bu hamle k\u00fcresel petrol end\u00fcstrisine, piyasas\u0131na ve fiyatlara nas\u0131l yans\u0131yacakt\u0131r?<\/p>\n<p>Bu hamlenin hali haz\u0131rda k\u00fcresel piyasalara ve fiyatlara y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nemli bir etkisinin olmas\u0131 beklenmemektedir. Fakat INE\u2019nin i\u015flem hacmiyle birlikte fiyatlar \u00fczerindeki etkisi de haliyle artacakt\u0131r. Tabii bunun i\u00e7in, mevcut kontratlar\u0131n yenilenme zaman\u0131, ilginin artmas\u0131 gibi ko\u015fullar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcrse, biraz daha zamana (birka\u00e7 y\u0131l gibi) ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>INE ile \u00c7in\u2019in petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrekli belli bir seviyenin alt\u0131nda tutmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131 ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc etkide bulunmak isteyece\u011fi varsay\u0131l\u0131r ise, INE k\u00fcresel piyasalarda etkin oldu\u011fu zaman, b\u00f6yle bir trendin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilecektir.<\/p>\n<p>Ayr\u0131ca petrol fiyatlar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimlerin, ABD dolar\u0131 paritesi ile ters orant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu da dikkate al\u0131n\u0131rsa, INE ile hem ABD dolar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel i\u015flem hacmi, hem de ABD\u2019nin petrol fiyatlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki \u201c$\u201d silah\u0131n\u0131n etkisi \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde azalt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>INE hamlesinden piyasalar ve fiyatlar\u0131n bu minvalde etkilenmesi beklenirken, petrol end\u00fcstrisinde ise yine fiyatlardan etkilenen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 devam edecektir. Fakat petrol end\u00fcstrisinin orta yada uzun vadede INE sebebiyle negatif etkilenece\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmeyecektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc genel anlamda talep s\u00fcrekli artmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBu hamlenin arkas\u0131nda ABD \u2013 \u00c7in aras\u0131ndaki ticaret anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0131 var?\u201d sorusuna gelindi\u011finde ise; INE\u2019nin \u00e7ok daha uzun bir s\u00fcredir \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131lan bir proje oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fi, s\u00fcrecin arkas\u0131nda ABD \u2013 \u00c7in ticaret anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7ok daha \u00f6tede bir rekabetin ve hatta zorunlulu\u011funun var oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Bununla birlikte, ilgili anla\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n projenin sadece duyurulma ve hayata ge\u00e7irilme zaman\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi\u011fi de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilecektir.<\/p>\n<p>Sonu\u00e7 olarak INE b\u00fcy\u00fcyen, g\u00fc\u00e7lenen ve yeni bir d\u00fcnya d\u00fczeni kurmak isteyen \u00c7in\u2019in \u00f6nemli ad\u0131mlar\u0131ndan bir tanesidir. Bunun da yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, ithalat hacmi dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, k\u00fcresel hedefleri g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilse bile, \u00c7in\u2019in milli enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi anlam\u0131nda yapmas\u0131 beklenebilecek bir hamledir. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin de bu geli\u015fmeleri yak\u0131ndan takip edip, \u015e\u0130\u00d6 Enerji Kul\u00fcb\u00fcndeki pozisyonunu kullanarak, kendisine f\u0131rsatlar yaratacak hamleleri planlamas\u0131 gerekmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/uzmanpara.milliyet.com.tr\/haber-detay\/gundem2\/cinin-petrol-hamlesi-ses-getirdi\/80000\/80736\/<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/bigpara.hurriyet.com.tr\/haberler\/ekonomi-haberleri\/cinden-petrolde-yuan-hamlesi_ID1444986\/<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/enerjigunlugu.net\/icerik\/26601\/cin-petrolde-dizginleri-eline-aliyor.html<\/p>\n<p>http:\/\/www.posta.com.tr\/cin-in-petrol-hamlesi-ses-getirdi-haberi-1397657https:\/\/www.ekonomihaber.com\/enerji\/cinden-abdye-yuan-bazli-petrol-atagi-h11353.html<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7\u0130N\u2019\u0130N \u201cINE\u201d HAMLES\u0130 O\u011fuzhan AKYENER Bir\u00e7ok uzman\u0131n \u201cyumu\u015fak g\u00fc\u00e7\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00c7in; ekonomi, ticaret, finans, teknoloji gibi alanlarda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck hamlelerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, enerji ve \u00f6zellikle petrol alan\u0131nda da ad\u0131m&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6260,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_thinkrank_schema_form_data":"","_thinkrank_selected_schema_type":"","_thinkrank_additional_schemas":"","_thinkrank_canonical_url":"","_thinkrank_og_title":"","_thinkrank_og_description":"","_thinkrank_og_image":"","_thinkrank_twitter_title":"","_thinkrank_twitter_description":"","_thinkrank_twitter_image":"","_thinkrank_imported_from":"","_thinkrank_focus_keywords":[],"_thinkrank_focus_keyword":"","_thinkrank_robots_meta_enabled":0,"_thinkrank_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_advanced_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_primary_category":0,"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[106],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[2016],"class_list":["post-6258","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kose-yazilari"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00c7in&#039;in &#039;&#039;INE&#039;&#039; 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