{"id":6831,"date":"2019-02-04T09:45:28","date_gmt":"2019-02-04T06:45:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/tr\/?p=6831"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:14:06","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T19:14:06","slug":"dogu-turkistan-ve-enerji","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/dogu-turkistan-ve-enerji\/","title":{"rendered":"DO\u011eU T\u00dcRK\u0130STAN ve ENERJ\u0130"},"content":{"rendered":"

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>, Xinjiang olarak da isimlendirilen, resmi anlamda \u201cSincan Uygur Otonom B\u00f6lgesi\u201d olarak ifade edilen, \u00c7in\u2019in Bat\u0131 hatt\u0131nda kalan \u00f6zerk T\u00fcrk b\u00f6lgesidir. \u00c7in\u2019in kontrol alt\u0131nda tuttu\u011fu eyalet ve b\u00f6lgeler i\u00e7erisinde, en geni\u015f alana sahip olan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> ayr\u0131ca sahip oldu\u011fu yer alt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131 ve co\u011frafi konumu sebebiyle de stratejik bir \u00f6nem ihtiva etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bilinen tarihi kay\u0131tlardan bug\u00fcne dek, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z bir T\u00fcrk yurdu olarak varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Lakin, \u201c1759 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7in Man\u00e7u \u0130mparatorlu\u011funun i\u015fgali ile bu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k sona ermi\u015ftir. 1863\u2019te ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131na kavu\u015fan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019da 200\u2019den fazla silahl\u0131 ayaklanma olmu\u015f ve Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan <\/strong>halk\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 kez ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.1863\u2019te Yakup Han ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> \u0130slam Devleti kurulmu\u015f ve bu devlet Osmanl\u0131, \u0130ngiltere ve Rusya taraf\u0131ndan resmen tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak bu ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z T\u00fcrk devletinin \u00f6mr\u00fc k\u0131sa s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015f ve 1876 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7in-Man\u00e7u Devleti taraf\u0131ndan yeniden i\u015fgal edilmi\u015f ve 1884\u2019te Sincan ad\u0131yla \u00c7in\u2019e ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 20. asr\u0131n ba\u015flar\u0131nda Orta Asya\u2019da olu\u015fan milliyet\u00e7ilik ak\u0131m\u0131 neticesinde 1933 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ka\u015fgar\u2019da Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> \u0130slam Cumhuriyeti kurulmu\u015ftur. Bu cumhuriyetin \u00f6mr\u00fc 1937\u2019de sona ermi\u015ftir.1944\u2019te \u2018\u2019\u00dc\u00e7 Vilayet \u0130nk\u0131lab\u0131\u2019\u2019 olarak bilinen ayaklanmalar sonucunda Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> Cumhuriyeti kurulmu\u015ftur. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> \u0130syan\u0131\u2019n\u0131 tek ba\u015f\u0131na bast\u0131ramayan \u00c7in, SSCB ile imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 gizli antla\u015fmayla silah ve asker deste\u011fi sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. 1933\u2019te K\u0131z\u0131l Ordu Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019a girmi\u015f ve burada h\u00e2kimiyet sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131rada ba\u015flayan 2. D\u00fcnya Sava\u015f\u0131 ile birlikte Ruslar askerlerini Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019dan \u00e7ekmi\u015flerdir. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7 i\u00e7erisinde Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> halk\u0131 bir kez daha ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k giri\u015fiminde bulunmu\u015f ve 1944 y\u0131l\u0131nda Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> Cumhuriyeti kurulmu\u015ftur. Ne var ki Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin de \u00f6mr\u00fc 1949 y\u0131l\u0131nda \u00c7in\u2019de Mao\u2019nun iktidar\u0131 ele ge\u00e7irmesiyle son bulmu\u015ftur.\u201d (Kaynak: Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019a Genel Bir Bak\u0131\u015f, \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Duman, Ege \u00dcniversitesi, ResearchGate, 2018)<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ortas\u0131ndan bug\u00fcne dek otonom b\u00f6lge olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan, bir nevi \u00f6zerk stat\u00fcde fakat bu \u00f6zerkli\u011fe ra\u011fmen kendi i\u00e7inde ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z hareket etme imkan\u0131 elde edemeyen Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>, \u00c7in y\u00f6netimi taraf\u0131ndan ciddi anlamda bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutulmaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Bu bask\u0131lar kapsam\u0131nda, b\u00f6lge halk\u0131;<\/p>\n

      \n
    • e\u011fitim imkalar\u0131ndan yoksun b\u0131rak\u0131lmakta,<\/li>\n
    • lojistik, ticaret ve seyahat gibi alanlarda k\u0131s\u0131tlamalara maruz kalmakta,<\/li>\n
    • dini ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel hayatlar\u0131n\u0131 ya\u015famalar\u0131nda bask\u0131lar ve engellerle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmakta,<\/li>\n
    • b\u00f6lgede illegal bir \u015fekilde ifa edilen n\u00fckleer ve biyokimyasal silah testleri gibi etmenler sebebiyle sa\u011fl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kaybetmekte,<\/li>\n
    • \u00e7ok say\u0131daki kontrol noktas\u0131, hapis cezalar\u0131, kamera takipleri gibi \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 bir polis y\u00f6netiminin himayesinde ya\u015famaya zorlanmaktad\u0131rlar.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Yakla\u015f\u0131k 25 milyon insan\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019daki M\u00fcsl\u00fcman ve T\u00fcrk olan n\u00fcfusun 15 miyon civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. Ve k\u0131yas yaparken dikkat \u00e7eken di\u011fer bir husus da, bu b\u00f6lgenin 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki gayri safi milli has\u0131las\u0131n\u0131n 161 milyar $ civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fudur. Bununla birlikte b\u00f6lgedeki etnik \u00e7o\u011funluk olan T\u00fcrklerin bu pastadaki pay\u0131n\u0131n olduk\u00e7a d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck oldu\u011fu bilinmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc T\u00fcrklerin \u00f6zg\u00fcrce e\u011fitim almalar\u0131na izin verilmemekte, seyahat \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckleri k\u0131s\u0131tlanmak ve ticaretlerini geli\u015ftirmeleri engellenmektedir.<\/p>\n

      O halde, \u00c7in\u2019in bu M\u00fcsl\u00fcman T\u00fcrk b\u00f6lgesinde bu derece insanl\u0131k d\u0131\u015f\u0131, bask\u0131c\u0131 bir tutum izlemesinin sebepleri nelerdir?<\/p>\n

      Bu sebepler aras\u0131nda hi\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesiz;<\/p>\n

        \n
      • \u00c7in\u2019in zaten kendi insanlar\u0131na dahi reva g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u015fiddet dolu y\u00f6netim politika<\/strong>lar\u0131n\u0131n,<\/li>\n
      • D\u0131\u015fa kapan\u0131k, \u00e7ekingen ve bir o kadar da savunmac\u0131 \u2013 bencil niteliklere haiz toplumsal k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn,<\/li>\n
      • Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n ger\u00e7ek sahibi olan toplumun hem M\u00fcsl\u00fcman hem de T\u00fcrk olu\u015funun,<\/em><\/li>\n
      • Tarihten gelen bir etnik kinin,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        etkisi olabilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek yerindedir. Fakat bunlara da ek olarak;<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Bu b\u00f6lgenin, bulundu\u011fu co\u011frafi konumu sebebiyle;\n
            \n
          • \u00c7in\u2019in Bat\u0131\u2019ya a\u00e7\u0131lan kara yolu g\u00fczergah\u0131 \u00fczerinde olu\u015fu,<\/li>\n
          • Bir\u00e7ok enerji<\/strong> nakil hatt\u0131, ticaret hatt\u0131 gibi lojistik g\u00fczergahlar\u0131n bu b\u00f6lgeden ge\u00e7iyor olu\u015fu,<\/li>\n
          • K\u00fcresel etkileri olacak olan \u201cYeni \u0130pek Yolu Projesi\u201d dahilinde, stratejik olarak vazge\u00e7ilemez oldu\u011fu,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n
          • Ve yine bu b\u00f6lgenin sahip oldu\u011fu yer alt\u0131 ve yer \u00fcst\u00fc kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funa dikkat etmek gereklidir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            Bu yakla\u015f\u0131mdan sonra, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu yer alt\u0131 ve yer \u00fcst\u00fc kaynaklar\u0131na ve \u00f6zellikle enerji <\/strong>kaynaklar\u0131 potansiyeline k\u0131saca de\u011finmek gerekirse;<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019da ciddi anlamda petrol, do\u011falgaz, yer alt\u0131 \/ yer \u00fcst\u00fc tatl\u0131 su, k\u00f6m\u00fcr, uranyum, demir, alt\u0131n, bak\u0131r ve platin gibi stratejik \u00f6neme vak\u0131f kaynaklar mevcuttur.<\/li>\n
            • Toplamda ticari olarak \u00fcretilebilir olan 122 \u00e7e\u015fit maden t\u00fcr\u00fc bu b\u00f6lgede yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
            • Tahmini petrol rezervi, 2017 sonunda ke\u015ffedilen yeni saha ile 16 milyar varil civar\u0131na ula\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu durumda \u00c7in\u2019in mevcut petrol rezervinin %40\u2019\u0131 bu b\u00f6lgede yer almaktad\u0131r. (K\u0131yas yapmak gerekirse, bu rakam d\u00fcnyadaki bir\u00e7ok devletin sahip oldu\u011fu kaynaklardan \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr.)<\/li>\n
            • 2020 y\u0131l\u0131nda b\u00f6lgeden g\u00fcnl\u00fck 650 000 varillik bir petrol \u00fcretimi hedeflenmektedir. Hatta yeni ke\u015ffi a\u00e7\u0131klanan saha da 2021\u2019de \u00fcretime al\u0131nabilir ise, bu oran 1 milyon varilin rahatl\u0131kla \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kabilecektir.<\/li>\n
            • Ayr\u0131ca \u00c7in\u2019in toplam k\u00f6m\u00fcr rezervinin de %38\u2019i bu b\u00f6lgede yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/li>\n
            • 2020\u2019de 750 milyon tonluk bir k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00fcretimi hedeflenmektedir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u00fcretim maliyetleri (\u00c7in merkezine ta\u015f\u0131ma bedelleri dahil maliyetinin 3$\/milyar BTU civar\u0131nda oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir.) ve y\u00fcksek kalorifik de\u011ferler ile Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> k\u00f6m\u00fcr\u00fc tercih edilen bir enerji<\/strong> kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n
            • Bu b\u00f6lgeden ayr\u0131ca y\u0131ll\u0131k 50 milyar m3\u2019l\u00fck bir gaz \u00fcretimi yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. (Bu rakam T\u00fcrkiye’nin y\u0131ll\u0131k t\u00fcketimine neredeyse e\u015fittir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              Bu kaynak potansiyeli b\u00f6lgenin ne kadar stratejik bir \u00f6neme sahip oldu\u011funu ifade etmek i\u00e7in fazlas\u0131yla yeterlidir. Zaten bu sebeple, yer alt\u0131 kaynaklar\u0131 ve enerji<\/strong> potansiyeli ile b\u00f6ylesi stratejik \u00f6neme sahip olan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019da kendisi i\u00e7in b\u00fct\u00fcn riskleri bertaraf etmek ve tam kontrol sa\u011flamak isteyen \u00c7in haliyle her t\u00fcrl\u00fc asimilasyon, zul\u00fcm ve bask\u0131c\u0131 tutumuna devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n

              Peki, cihan\u015f\u00fcmul bir vizyonla medeniyet co\u011frafyas\u0131na sahip \u00e7\u0131kmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan T\u00fcrkiye, bu tablo kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda neler yapmaktad\u0131r? Ve neler yapmas\u0131 gerekmektedir?<\/p>\n

              De\u011fi\u015fen d\u00fcnya d\u00fczenindeki b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klar\u0131 dikkatle ve ince bir diplomasi ile lehine kullanmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan T\u00fcrkiye, haliyle kendi medeniyet co\u011frafyas\u0131 dahilinde kalan, hem etnik hem de dini a\u00e7\u0131dan karde\u015fi olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 duyars\u0131z kalmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve kalmayacakt\u0131r. Lakin, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lge ile ilgili diplomasisini, hamlelerini ve siyasetini etkileyen bir\u00e7ok husus bulunmaktad\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, T\u00fcrkiye bir Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> politika<\/strong>s\u0131 kurgularken;<\/p>\n

                \n
              • Kendi i\u00e7 dengelerini,<\/li>\n
              • Di\u011fer k\u00fcresel dengeleri,<\/li>\n
              • Yak\u0131n co\u011frafyas\u0131ndaki etmenleri,<\/li>\n
              • T\u00fcm bu fakt\u00f6rler dahilinde ciddi bir etkinli\u011fe sahip olan \u00c7in, Rusya ve ABD gibi akt\u00f6rlerin hamle, strateji ve niyetlerini,<\/li>\n
              • Farkl\u0131 hamlelerin maliyet, bedel, uygulanabilirlik analizi, risk ve netice yorumlar\u0131n\u0131,<\/li>\n
              • Uygulayabileyece\u011fi hamlelerin etki ve \u00f6ncelik analizlerini<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                duygusall\u0131\u011fa kap\u0131lmadan, \u00e7ok y\u00f6nl\u00fc olarak de\u011ferlendirmesi ve bir devlet olman\u0131n gere\u011fine g\u00f6re stratejiler geli\u015ftirmesi icap etmektedir.<\/p>\n

                T\u00fcrkiye de bu mivalde yakla\u015f\u0131mlar geli\u015ftirmekte, yerine g\u00f6re \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc operasyon ve hamleler ile netice almaya ve imkanlar dahilinde yap\u0131labilece\u011fin en iyisini yapmaya \u00e7aba g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n

                Bireysel olarak hepimiz, \u00f6zellikle i\u00e7ine duygusall\u0131k kat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla; Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019a, Arakan\u2019a, Filistin\u2019e ve di\u011fer mazlum T\u00fcrk \u2013 \u0130slam topraklar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik uygulanan zulme kar\u015f\u0131 her ne kadar sert aksiyonlar almak istesek de, bir devlet olma bilincinde hareket etmenin de ne derece \u00f6nemli oldu\u011funu idrak etmemiz gereklidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bazen ifa edilebilecek olan ve do\u011fru oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilen baz\u0131 hamleler, bir fayda getirmeyece\u011fi gibi, zarar ile de neticelenebilecektir.<\/p>\n

                \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0130ran\u2019da ya\u015fayan T\u00fcrkmenlerin, Azerbaycan\u2019daki T\u00fcrkmenler ile birle\u015fmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde al\u0131nabilecek aksiyonlar\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130ran ve hatta Azerbaycan ile aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerini bozabilece\u011finin, T\u00fcrkiye ile \u00c7in\u2019in aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> sebebiyle k\u0131r\u0131lma ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n ABD\u2019nin i\u015fine yarayabilece\u011finin de dikkatlerden ka\u00e7mamas\u0131 gereklidir. Kald\u0131 ki, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong> ile ilgili a\u00e7\u0131k olarak ifa edilen, sert ve y\u0131k\u0131c\u0131 hamleler bir netice vermeyece\u011fi gibi, tersine b\u00f6lgedeki karde\u015flerimiz \u00fczerinde de daha fazla bask\u0131 olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na sebep olacak ve hatta T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sonraki s\u00fcre\u00e7te yapabilece\u011fi yap\u0131c\u0131 hamlelerinin de \u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc kesecektir. Fakat yine de, bu yakla\u015f\u0131m her ne kadar do\u011fru kabul edilebilse de, T\u00fcrkiye’nin orada ya\u015fanan zulme ve haks\u0131zl\u0131klara da tamamen sessiz kalmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelmemelidir. Di\u011fer bir ifade ile, \u00c7in’e kar\u015f\u0131 b\u00f6lgede istikrars\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artt\u0131rmak isteyen ABD’nin ve ABD ile ilintili devlet ve yap\u0131lar\u0131n bu konuda fikir beyan ediyor olu\u015fu bahane ederek, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>‘\u0131 yaln\u0131z b\u0131rakmak da do\u011fru bir politika<\/strong> olmayacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

                Bu idrakle T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019da e\u011fitim, ticaret, enerji<\/strong> ve maden \u00fcretimi gibi alanlarda varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirecek hamleleri planlayarak, uygulamas\u0131 daha yerinde olacakt\u0131r. Bunlar yap\u0131l\u0131rken de, b\u00f6lgede \u00f6rt\u00fcl\u00fc operasyonlar, bilin\u00e7lendirme \u2013 e\u011fitme \u2013 \u00f6rg\u00fctleme faaliyetleri de gizli bir \u015fekilde y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclebilecektir. Hatta T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin b\u00f6lgede artan ekonomik etkinli\u011fi, hareket kabiliyetini de dolayl\u0131 olarak, kolayl\u0131kla artt\u0131rabilecektir.<\/p>\n

                T\u00fcrkiye hali haz\u0131rda \u015eanghay \u0130\u015fbirli\u011fi \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc Enerji<\/strong> Kul\u00fcb\u00fc Ba\u015fkan\u0131 iken, bu s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131, Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>\u2019da bu minvalde hamleler yapabilmek i\u00e7in de kullanabilecektir.<\/p>\n

                \u00d6nemli olan yap\u0131c\u0131, yerinde ve uzun vadeli politika<\/strong>lar geli\u015ftirebilmektir. Bunlar geli\u015ftirilirken de, \u00c7in’in uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zul\u00fcm ve bask\u0131lar ile kontroll\u00fc bir m\u00fccadeleye, di\u011fer T\u00fcrk devletlerinden de destek alarak, devam edilmelidir.<\/p>\n

                Unutulmamal\u0131d\u0131r ki, T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan<\/strong>, \u00f6ncelikle kendisine \u00fcmit ba\u011flayan Uygur T\u00fcrk\u00fc – M\u00fcsl\u00fcman karde\u015fleri dikkate al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda; bir namus meselesidir.<\/p>\n

                Bunun da yan\u0131 s\u0131ra, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir T\u00fcrkiye i\u00e7in de; \u00c7in’in kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flayabilece\u011fi yegane stratejik bir anahtard\u0131r!<\/p>\n

                Kurgulanacak politika<\/strong>lar\u0131n bu idrakle Bismillah denilerek, tasarlanmas\u0131 ve uygulanmas\u0131 elzemdir!<\/p>\n

                Yazar: O\u011fuzhan Akyener<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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