{"id":7656,"date":"2019-06-06T20:33:28","date_gmt":"2019-06-06T17:33:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/tr\/?p=7656"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:15:30","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T19:15:30","slug":"orta-asya-ve-hazar-havzasindaki-kaynaklarin-ulasim-yollarindaki-alternatifler-ve-turkiye","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/orta-asya-ve-hazar-havzasindaki-kaynaklarin-ulasim-yollarindaki-alternatifler-ve-turkiye\/","title":{"rendered":"Orta Asya ve Hazar Havzas\u0131\u2019ndaki Kaynaklar\u0131n Ula\u015f\u0131m Yollar\u0131ndaki Alternatifler ve T\u00fcrkiye"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong>Orta Asya ve Hazar Havzas\u0131\u2019ndaki Kaynaklar\u0131n<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Ula\u015f\u0131m Yollar\u0131ndaki Alternatifler ve T\u00fcrkiye<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\n<strong>\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Duman-Doktora \u00d6\u011frencisi<br \/>\nEge \u00dcniversitesi Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkiler<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">\nD\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki h\u0131zl\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve geli\u015fen teknolojiye paralel olarak <strong>enerji<\/strong> kavram\u0131<br \/>\nd\u00fcnya siyasetinde \u00f6nemli bir yer elde etmi\u015ftir. Mevcut <strong>enerji kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131<br \/>\nk\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7leri endi\u015feye sevk etmi\u015ftir. D\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki <strong>enerji kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong> genellikle az<br \/>\ngeli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclkelerde oldu\u011fundan mevcut <strong>enerji<\/strong> potansiyelinin sevkiyat\u0131 konusunda \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00fc\u00e7<br \/>\nodaklar\u0131 yar\u0131\u015fa girmi\u015ftir. Nitekim bu <strong>enerji kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong>nda var olan enerjinin <strong>sevkiyat<\/strong>\u0131<br \/>\nyap\u0131lamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir az\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131na cevap vermekten<br \/>\n\u00f6teye gitmeyecektir. \u0130\u015fte bu y\u00fczdendir ki mevcut <strong>enerji<\/strong> potansiyeli kadar, <strong>enerji<\/strong> <strong>sevkiyat<\/strong>\u0131 da<br \/>\nbir hayli \u00f6nem te\u015fkil etmektedir.<br \/>\nOrta Asya ve Hazar Havzas\u0131 <strong>enerji kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong> bak\u0131m\u0131ndan Ortado\u011fu\u2019dan sonra ikinci<br \/>\ns\u0131rada gelmektedir. Fakat bu co\u011frafyan\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k denizlere k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 olmamas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 <strong>enerji<\/strong>nin<br \/>\nBat\u0131\u2019ya <strong>sevkiyat<\/strong>\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda Hazar Havzas\u0131<br \/>\nve Orta Asya\u2019dan Karadeniz\u2019e ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan <strong>enerji<\/strong>nin Akdeniz\u2019e ge\u00e7i\u015fi gelmektedir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitli<br \/>\n<strong>hat<\/strong>larla Karadeniz\u2019e \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan <strong>enerji kaynaklar\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n Akdeniz\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda tankerlerin<br \/>\nbo\u011fazlardan ge\u00e7i\u015fi s\u0131ras\u0131nda birtak\u0131m sorunlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. En iyimser tahminlere g\u00f6re<br \/>\n2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda bo\u011fazlardan 190-200 milyon ton petrol ge\u00e7mesi beklenmektedir. Yetkililer bu<br \/>\nrakama ula\u015f\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019ndan tankerden ba\u015fka gemi ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fini belirtiyor.<br \/>\n\u0130\u015fte bu nedenden dolay\u0131 b\u00f6lge \u00fclkeleri ve k\u00fcresel g\u00fc\u00e7ler bo\u011fazlara alternatif <strong>boru hat<\/strong>lar\u0131na<br \/>\ny\u00f6nelmek zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. <strong>Enerji<\/strong> <strong>sevkiyat<\/strong>\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fclen <strong>boru hat<\/strong>lar\u0131ndan<br \/>\nba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r:<br \/>\n\uf0fc Burgaz(Bulgaristan)-Dedea\u011fa\u00e7(Yunanistan) <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131<br \/>\n\uf0fc Samsun-Ceyhan <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131<br \/>\n\uf0fc K\u00f6stence(Romanya)-Omisalj(H\u0131rvatistan) <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131<br \/>\n\uf0fc Burgaz(Bulgaristan)-Vlore(Arnavutluk) <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131<br \/>\n\uf0fc K\u0131y\u0131k\u00f6y-\u0130brikbaba(Trans-Trakya) <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131<br \/>\nRusya, bu <strong>hat<\/strong>lar i\u00e7erisinden T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den ge\u00e7en Trans-Trakya ve Samsun-Ceyhan<br \/>\n<strong>hat<\/strong>lar\u0131na pek s\u0131cak bakmamaktad\u0131r. Rusya bu <strong>hat<\/strong>lardan ziyade Bulgaristan, Makedonya ve<br \/>\nArnavutluk \u00fczerinden Adriyatik\u2019e uzanan Trans-Balkan projesini desteklemi\u015ftir. Fakat<br \/>\nKosova\u2019n\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131yla b\u00f6lgede ABD\u2019nin etkinli\u011finin artmas\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgedeki etnik kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k<br \/>\nRusya\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc korkutmaktad\u0131r. Bu sebeplerden dolay\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019den ge\u00e7ecek Samsun-<br \/>\nCeyhan ve Trans-Trakya <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131 ile Yunanistan ve Bulgaristan\u2019dan ge\u00e7en Burgaz-Dedea\u011fa\u00e7 <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131<br \/>\n\u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\nYunanistan-Bulgaristan ve Rusya aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 14 y\u0131ld\u0131r m\u00fczakere edilen Burgaz-<br \/>\nDedea\u011fa\u00e7 petrol <strong>boru hatt\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131 i\u00e7in imzalanan anla\u015fmayla y\u0131lda 30-35 milyon ton Rus<br \/>\npetrol\u00fcn\u00fcn Bulgaristan\u2019\u0131n Burgaz kentinden Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n Kuzey Ege k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndaki Dedea\u011fa\u00e7<br \/>\nkentine ta\u015f\u0131yacak 285 km uzunlu\u011fundaki <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131n yap\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in yasal \u00e7er\u00e7eve haz\u0131rland\u0131.<br \/>\nKonsorsiyum hisselerinin %51\u2019ine Rusya\u2019n\u0131n, geri kalan\u0131na ise e\u015fit miktarda Bulgaristan ve<br \/>\nYunanistan\u2019\u0131n sahip oldu\u011fu ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 800 milyon avroya mal olaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilen <strong>boru hatt\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n<br \/>\nyap\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n 2009 y\u0131l\u0131nda bitmesi bekleniyor.<br \/>\n193 km\u2019lik Trans-Trakya petrol <strong>boru hatt\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131n ise K\u0131y\u0131k\u00f6y-\u0130brikbaba aras\u0131nda in\u015fa<br \/>\nedilmesi planlan\u0131yor. Proje maliyetinin 913 milyon dolar olmas\u0131 ve 60 milyon ton y\u0131ll\u0131k ta\u015f\u0131ma<br \/>\nkapasitesi olmas\u0131 bekleniyor. Ancak K\u0131y\u0131k\u00f6y\u2019e gelecek ve gidecek tankerler ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak<br \/>\ndo\u011fu-bat\u0131 rotas\u0131n\u0131 kullanacakt\u0131r. Bu rota hem \u0130stanbul Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131n hem de \u00c7anakkale<br \/>\nBo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131n yo\u011fun trafi\u011fi ile \u00e7ak\u0131\u015fmas\u0131na neden olmas\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemelidir.<br \/>\nKamuoyunun Samsun-Ceyhan Petrol Boru <strong>Hat<\/strong>t\u0131 olarak bildi\u011fi Trans Anadolu Boru<br \/>\n<strong>Hat<\/strong>t\u0131(Trans Anatolian Pipelie Project) ba\u015fta Azerbaycan olmak \u00fczere Hazar Havzas\u0131\u2019ndaki<br \/>\npetrol\u00fc G\u00fcrcistan \u00fczerinden Akdeniz\u2019e ta\u015f\u0131may\u0131 hedeflemektedir. Bu <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131n en \u00f6nemli<br \/>\navantajlar\u0131ndan biri tek \u00fclke \u00fczerinde bulunuyor olmas\u0131d\u0131r. S\u00f6z konusu <strong>boru hatt\u0131<\/strong> sayesinde<br \/>\nEge Adalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda manevra yapmadan Akdeniz\u2019e \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Samsun liman\u0131<br \/>\nRusya ve Kazakistan\u2019da \u00fcretilen petrol\u00fcn b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n tankerlere y\u00fcklendi\u011fi Novorossisk<br \/>\nLiman\u0131\u2019na en yak\u0131n limanlardan birisi olmas\u0131 bu proje i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck avantaj te\u015fkil etmektedir.<br \/>\nYukar\u0131da bahsedilen <strong>hat<\/strong>lar\u0131n ekonomik boyutunun yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir de diplomatik boyutu<br \/>\nmevcuttur. Bu <strong>hat<\/strong>lardan transfer edilen petrol\u00fcn \u00f6nemli k\u0131sm\u0131 AB \u00fclkelerine gitmektedir. \u0130\u015fte<br \/>\ntam bu noktada AB \u00fcyesi Yunanistan ve Bulgaristan, Burgaz-Dedea\u011fa\u00e7 petrol <strong>boru hatt\u0131<\/strong>n\u0131<br \/>\nkullanarak AB i\u00e7erisinde <strong>enerji<\/strong> alan\u0131nda stratejik bir konuma gelmeyi ama\u00e7lamaktad\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye<br \/>\nise bu <strong>hat<\/strong>ta alternatif olarak Trans-Trakya <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Bununla beraber Karadeniz<br \/>\nve Hazar i\u00e7in en kestirme <strong>hat<\/strong> olan Samsun-Ceyhan hatt\u0131n\u0131n daha fazla aktifle\u015ftirmesi<br \/>\nBalkanlardaki kar\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011fa kar\u015f\u0131 iyi bir hamle olacakt\u0131r. Fakat Rusya, Mavi Ak\u0131m Projesi<br \/>\n\u00e7er\u00e7evesinde bu <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131n \u0130srail\u2019e uzanmas\u0131ndan endi\u015fe etmektedir.<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin uzun s\u00fcre boru hatlar\u0131na ili\u015fkin olarak net bir politika benimseyememesi<br \/>\nbirtak\u0131m s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar do\u011furmu\u015ftur. Bu durum \u00f6ncelikle ulusal kapsamda bir rekabete neden olmu\u015f<br \/>\nve bu rekabet uluslararas\u0131 arenada T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin elini zay\u0131flatm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta Trans-Trakya<br \/>\n<strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcren T\u00fcrk\u00fcye daha sonra Samsun-Ceyhan <strong>hat<\/strong>t\u0131n\u0131 desteklemi\u015ftir. Ancak uzun s\u00fcre<br \/>\nnet bir politika benimsenememesi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019ye zaman kaybettirmi\u015ftir. Bu durum ne yaz\u0131k ki<br \/>\nYunanistan merkezli bir Balkan g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Orta Asya ve Hazar Havzas\u0131\u2019ndaki Kaynaklar\u0131n Ula\u015f\u0131m Yollar\u0131ndaki Alternatifler ve T\u00fcrkiye \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Duman-Doktora \u00d6\u011frencisi Ege \u00dcniversitesi Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkiler D\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki h\u0131zl\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve geli\u015fen teknolojiye\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7657,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_thinkrank_schema_form_data":"","_thinkrank_selected_schema_type":"","_thinkrank_additional_schemas":"","_thinkrank_canonical_url":"","_thinkrank_og_title":"","_thinkrank_og_description":"","_thinkrank_og_image":"","_thinkrank_twitter_title":"","_thinkrank_twitter_description":"","_thinkrank_twitter_image":"","_thinkrank_imported_from":"","_thinkrank_focus_keywords":[],"_thinkrank_focus_keyword":"","_thinkrank_robots_meta_enabled":0,"_thinkrank_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_advanced_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_primary_category":0,"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[179,106,117,139,109],"tags":[381,103,1365,1429,1428],"ppma_author":[2016],"class_list":["post-7656","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-diger","category-kose-yazilari","category-petrol-ve-dogalgaz","category-turk-ulkeleri","category-turkiye","tag-boru-hatti","tag-enerji","tag-enerji-kaynaklari","tag-hat","tag-sevkiyat"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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