{"id":7659,"date":"2019-06-06T20:37:38","date_gmt":"2019-06-06T17:37:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/tr\/?p=7659"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:15:30","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T19:15:30","slug":"dunya-enerji-piyasasinda-turkmenistanin-rolu-ve-azeri-diasporasi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/dunya-enerji-piyasasinda-turkmenistanin-rolu-ve-azeri-diasporasi\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnya Enerji Piyasas\u0131nda T\u00fcrkmenistan&#8217;\u0131n Rol\u00fc ve Azerbeycan Diasporas\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f DUMAN-Doktora Aday\u0131<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Ege \u00dcniversitesi Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkiler<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Orta Asya<\/strong> cumhuriyetlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrk yetkililer <strong>Orta Asya<\/strong><br \/>\nb\u00f6lgesini T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin So\u011fuk Sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 siyasal sistemdeki azalan<br \/>\nfonksiyonunu telafi edebilecek potansiyele sahip \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6lge olarak g\u00f6rmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin petrol ve <strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong> rezervinin \u00e7ok s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmas\u0131 T\u00fcrk yetkilileri <strong>Orta Asya<\/strong>\u2019ya<br \/>\ny\u00f6nlendirmi\u015ftir. Ortado\u011fu\u2019nun istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu ve eski Sovyet \u00fclkeleri<br \/>\n\u00fczerinde ABD-Rus rekabetinin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu<br \/>\nenerji g\u00fcvenli\u011finin sa\u011flanmas\u0131nda<strong> Orta Asya<\/strong>\u2019n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n rezervleri<br \/>\nkritik bir \u00f6neme sahiptir. Avrasya b\u00f6lgesindeki <strong>do\u011fal gaz rezervleri<\/strong> d\u00fcnyan\u0131n toplam do\u011fal<br \/>\ngaz rezervlerinin %40\u2019\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Asya \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7erisinde en fazla <strong>do\u011fal gaz<br \/>\nrezervi<\/strong>ne sahip olan \u00fclke ise <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong>\u2019d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Avrasya\u2019daki petrol rezervi d\u00fcnya<br \/>\npetrol rezervinin %8\u2019ini olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong> b\u00f6lgede 160 milyon ton petrol rezervi<br \/>\nile b\u00f6lgede Kazakistan\u2019dan sonra ikinci s\u0131rada gelmektedir.<br \/>\n<strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong>\u2019\u0131n petrol ve <strong>do\u011fal gaz rezervlerinden<\/strong> en fazla Rusya yararlanmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\n\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131k denizlere k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131 bulunmayan bu devlet mevcut enerji potansiyelin Bat\u0131\u2019ya<br \/>\nsevkiyat\u0131 i\u00e7in Rusya\u2019n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131ndan faydalanmaktad\u0131r. Enerji sevkiyat\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131<br \/>\nkonusunda Rusya\u2019n\u0131n <strong>Orta Asya<\/strong> devletlerine uygulad\u0131\u011f\u0131 siyasi ve ekonomik bask\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131<br \/>\nedilmemelidir. Rusya, mevcut olan bu durumu Bat\u0131 \u00fclkelerine kar\u015f\u0131 bir tehdit unsuru olarak<br \/>\nkullanmakta ve <strong>Orta Asya<\/strong> enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 tekeline almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nRusya, <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong> <strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong> ihracat\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131 devlet \u015firketi olan<br \/>\nGazprom \u00fczerinden yapmaktad\u0131r. Moskova\u2019n\u0131n bu kapsamda en \u00f6nemli avantaj\u0131 Sovyetler<br \/>\nd\u00f6neminde in\u015fa edilen ve t\u00fcm <strong>Orta Asya<\/strong> b\u00f6lgesinin enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 Rusya\u2019ya ta\u015f\u0131yan Orta<br \/>\nAsya merkez boru hatt\u0131n\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Rusya ile <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan <\/strong>aras\u0131nda 2003 y\u0131l\u0131nda<br \/>\nimzalanan ve 25 y\u0131l s\u00fcreli <strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong> anla\u015fmas\u0131 Rusya\u2019n\u0131n b\u00f6lgede a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 hissettirmesinde<br \/>\n\u00f6nemli bir etken olarak kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bu anla\u015fma sayesinde <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong>\u2019dan<br \/>\nald\u0131\u011f\u0131 ucuz gaz\u0131 kendi i\u00e7 pazar\u0131nda kullanan Rusya kendi rezervlerini d\u00fcnyan\u0131n d\u00f6rt bir yan\u0131na<br \/>\nihra\u00e7 etmektedir.<br \/>\nBir taraftan Ortado\u011fu enerji kaynaklar\u0131na alternatif olarak <strong>Orta Asya<\/strong> \u00fclkelerinden<br \/>\nkendine do\u011fru boru hatlar\u0131 uzatmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00c7in, di\u011fer taraftan Rusya\u2019yla olan <strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong><br \/>\nba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan kurtulmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan eski Sovyet ve Avrupa \u00fclkeleri ayr\u0131ca \u00c7in\u2019in muhtemel<br \/>\netkisini etkilemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ABD, T\u00fcrkmen gaz\u0131 i\u00e7in Rusya istikametine alternatif boru hatt\u0131<br \/>\ngeli\u015ftirme e\u011filimindedir. T\u00fcrkiye ise Rusya\u2019n\u0131n <strong>Orta Asya<\/strong> petrol ve <strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong>\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnya<br \/>\npazar\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131nda \u00fcstlendi\u011fi rol\u00fcn k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclmesi taraftar\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131n<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye \u00fczerinden ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 durumunda ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131k \u00fccretinden bir gelir beklemektedir.<br \/>\nAyr\u0131ca \u0130ran ile imzalanan <strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong> anla\u015fmas\u0131nda da T\u00fcrkmen gaz\u0131 \u00f6nemli bir yer<br \/>\ntutmaktad\u0131r. <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong>-\u0130ran ili\u015fkilerindeki olumsuz geli\u015fmelerin enerji sevkiyat\u0131na<br \/>\nyans\u0131mas\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi do\u011frudan etkilemektedir. \u00d6zellikle G\u00fcney <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan <\/strong>b\u00f6lgesi<br \/>\n<strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong> ile \u0130ran aras\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir sorun te\u015fkil etmektedir. Fakat T\u00fcrkmenistan ile<br \/>\ndirekt kurulacak olan bir g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7irildi\u011finde b\u00f6yle bir sorunla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma<br \/>\nihtimalimiz kalmayacakt\u0131r. Bu projeyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirebilecek siyasi kazan\u0131mlar ise ekonomik<br \/>\nkazan\u0131mlardan \u00e7ok daha b\u00fcy\u00fck olacakt\u0131r. Nitekim <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong>\u2019dan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan benzinlerin<br \/>\nHazar Denizi \u00fczerinden Bak\u00fc-Tiflis-Ceyhan hatt\u0131yla Bat\u0131\u2019ya sevkiyat\u0131 g\u00fcndemdedir.<br \/>\n<strong>Orta Asya<\/strong> <strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong>\u0131n\u0131n h\u00e2kimiyetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcren Rusya\u2019n\u0131n her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn zorlanmas\u0131<br \/>\nT\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir avantajd\u0131r. 2006 y\u0131l\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda T\u00fcrkmen ve Kazak do\u011fal<br \/>\ngaz\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7in\u2019e sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u00e7in g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131ld\u0131 ve 2009 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar <strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong> boru hatt\u0131n\u0131n in\u015fas\u0131<br \/>\ni\u00e7in anla\u015fma imzaland\u0131. Di\u011fer taraftan ABD; <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong>, Afganistan, Pakistan ve<br \/>\nHindistan\u2019\u0131 birbirine ba\u011flayacak Trans- Afgan boru hatt\u0131 i\u00e7in yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131. Buna ek olarak AB<br \/>\nyetkilileri T\u00fcrkmen gaz\u0131n\u0131n Do\u011fu-Bat\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde almas\u0131 i\u00e7in <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong> ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerde<br \/>\nbulunmaktad\u0131r. Rusya \u00fczerinden Bat\u0131\u2019ya sevk edilen <strong>do\u011fal gaz <\/strong>g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131nda istikrars\u0131z<br \/>\nb\u00f6lgelerin bulunmas\u0131 Bat\u0131l\u0131 devletlerin akl\u0131nda soru i\u015faretleri olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Rusya\u2019n\u0131n<br \/>\nNoworossisk liman\u0131ndan Bat\u0131\u2019ya sevk edilen <strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong> hatt\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u00c7e\u00e7enistan ve Da\u011f\u0131stan<br \/>\ngibi s\u00fcrekli i\u00e7 sava\u015f\u0131n ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerin bulunmas\u0131 enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tehlike arz<br \/>\netmektedir.<br \/>\nBuna alternatif olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan G\u00fcrcistan se\u00e7ene\u011fi ise ba\u015fl\u0131 ba\u015f\u0131na b\u00fcy\u00fck sorunlara<br \/>\nsahiptir. \u00d6zellikle Abhazya, Acaristan ve G\u00fcney Osetya gibi \u00fc\u00e7 tane ayr\u0131l\u0131k\u00e7\u0131 hareketi<br \/>\nb\u00fcnyesinde bar\u0131nd\u0131ran G\u00fcrcistan ilerisi i\u00e7in g\u00fcven vermemektedir. Bununla beraber \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n<br \/>\nOrtado\u011fu\u2019daki stat\u00fckosunun belirsizli\u011fi ve ABD\u2019nin \u0130ran\u2019\u0131 ter\u00f6rist devlet olarak ilan etmesi<br \/>\nenerji tekellerinin g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc korkutmaktad\u0131r.<br \/>\nB\u00f6yle bir konjonkt\u00fcr\u00fcn mevcut oldu\u011fu enerji g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye-<strong>Azerbaycan<\/strong>&#8211;<br \/>\n<strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong> i\u015fbirli\u011fi hem T\u00fcrkiye hem de T\u00fcrk D\u00fcnyas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. Bu<br \/>\ndevletlerden <strong>Azerbaycan<\/strong> ile <strong>T\u00fcrkmenistan<\/strong> aras\u0131nda Hazar Denizi\u2019nden kaynakl\u0131 sorunlar\u0131n<br \/>\n\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilinmektedir. Fakat bu iki devlet aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkilerin yumu\u015fama d\u00f6nemine girmesi<br \/>\nbu ittifak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli bir avantajd\u0131r. \u0130ki \u00fclke aras\u0131nda Hazar\u2019\u0131n stat\u00fcs\u00fc ve b\u00f6lgede bulunan<br \/>\n<strong>do\u011fal gaz<\/strong> ve petrol potansiyelinin payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 konusunda \u00e7\u0131kan anla\u015fmazl\u0131lar sebebiyle uzun<br \/>\ns\u00fcredir diplomatik ili\u015fkilerde aksamalar ya\u015fanmas\u0131na sebep oluyordu.<br \/>\n\u0130ttifak\u0131n en can al\u0131c\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc olan T\u00fcrkiye-<strong>Azerbaycan<\/strong> ili\u015fkilerinde ise Da\u011fl\u0131k Karaba\u011f<br \/>\nsorunu \u00f6nemli bir yer te\u015fkil etmektedir. Ermenistan\u2019\u0131n b\u00f6lgeyi i\u015fgal etmesi sonucu T\u00fcrkiye ile<br \/>\n<strong>Azerbaycan<\/strong> aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lmac\u0131 bir Ermeni unsur g\u00fcndeme gelmi\u015ftir. Bu ba\u011flamda T\u00fcrkiye,<br \/>\nErmeni diasporas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 Azeri diasporas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmeli ve Azerilerle ortak lobi<br \/>\nfaaliyetleri y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclmelidir. Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere \u0130ran\u2019\u0131n kuzeyinde yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyon Azeri<br \/>\nya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edilmemelidir. AB \u00fcyesi \u00fclkelerin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n Ermeni diasporas\u0131na ve<br \/>\nErmenistan devletine olan deste\u011fi bilinmektedir. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015fe g\u00f6re Ermeni meselesi T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin<br \/>\nsorumluluk \u00fcstlenmedi\u011fi takdirde T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00f6n\u00fcne bir engel olarak \u00e7\u0131kmaya devam<br \/>\nedecektir.<br \/>\nSonu\u00e7 olarak;<br \/>\nAB \u00fclkelerinin <strong>Orta Asy<\/strong>a enerji kaynaklar\u0131na ihtiyac\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve bu enerjiyi Rusya<br \/>\n\u00fczerinden almak istemedi\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. E\u011fer T\u00fcrkiye enerji kart\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rsa<br \/>\nErmenistan\u2019a destek veren AB \u00fclkelerini \u00f6rg\u00fct i\u00e7inde yaln\u0131zla\u015ft\u0131rabilecektir. Bu politika<br \/>\nsonu\u00e7 verirse AB i\u00e7indeki T\u00fcrkiye kar\u015f\u0131t\u0131 devletler muhtemelen k\u00f6\u015feye s\u0131k\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. Bu<br \/>\ndurumun T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin AB s\u00fcrecini olumlu etkilemesi kuvvetle muhtemeldir. Bununla beraber<br \/>\nson g\u00fcnlerde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan PKK ter\u00f6r \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn Karaba\u011f\u2019a konu\u015fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 haberi do\u011frulan\u0131rsa<br \/>\nk\u00fcresel ter\u00f6r s\u00f6ylemi ile enerji kart\u0131 birle\u015ftirilerek T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin <strong>Orta Asya<\/strong>\u2019ya giden yolu<br \/>\na\u00e7\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f DUMAN-Doktora Aday\u0131 Ege \u00dcniversitesi Uluslararas\u0131 \u0130li\u015fkiler Orta Asya cumhuriyetlerinin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131ndan sonra T\u00fcrk yetkililer Orta Asya b\u00f6lgesini T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin So\u011fuk Sava\u015f sonras\u0131nda uluslararas\u0131 siyasal sistemdeki azalan\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7199,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_thinkrank_schema_form_data":"","_thinkrank_selected_schema_type":"","_thinkrank_additional_schemas":"","_thinkrank_canonical_url":"","_thinkrank_og_title":"","_thinkrank_og_description":"","_thinkrank_og_image":"","_thinkrank_twitter_title":"","_thinkrank_twitter_description":"","_thinkrank_twitter_image":"","_thinkrank_imported_from":"","_thinkrank_focus_keywords":[],"_thinkrank_focus_keyword":"","_thinkrank_robots_meta_enabled":0,"_thinkrank_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_advanced_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_primary_category":0,"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[1,106,117,139,108],"tags":[342,947,1427,1177,289],"ppma_author":[2016],"class_list":["post-7659","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-genel","category-kose-yazilari","category-petrol-ve-dogalgaz","category-turk-ulkeleri","category-tr","tag-azerbaycan","tag-dogal-gaz","tag-dogal-gaz-rezervi","tag-orta-asya","tag-turkmenistan"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>D\u00fcnya Enerji Piyasas\u0131nda T\u00fcrkmenistan&#039;\u0131n Rol\u00fc ve Azerbeycan Diasporas\u0131 - T\u00fcrkiye Enerji Stratejileri ve Politikalar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/dunya-enerji-piyasasinda-turkmenistanin-rolu-ve-azeri-diasporasi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"D\u00fcnya Enerji Piyasas\u0131nda T\u00fcrkmenistan&#039;\u0131n Rol\u00fc ve Azerbeycan Diasporas\u0131 - T\u00fcrkiye Enerji Stratejileri ve Politikalar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00c7a\u011fda\u015f DUMAN-Doktora 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