{"id":9024,"date":"2020-04-07T01:29:57","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T22:29:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/tr\/?p=9024"},"modified":"2026-08-07T22:15:23","modified_gmt":"2026-08-07T19:15:23","slug":"covid-19-pandemisi-ve-abd-yaptirimlari-ekseninde-venezuela","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tespam.org\/wordpress\/covid-19-pandemisi-ve-abd-yaptirimlari-ekseninde-venezuela\/","title":{"rendered":"Covid-19 Pandemisi ve ABD Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 Ekseninde Venezuela"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Covid-19 Pandemisi ve ABD Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 Ekseninde Venezuela<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Covid-19\u2019un dahi pek fazla\u00a0 yava\u015flatamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ABD, Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7 i\u015flerine ve petrol kaynaklar\u0131na m\u00fcdahale etmeye devam etmektedir.D\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde 1 milyonu bulan Covid-19 vakalar\u0131na ra\u011fmen ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Venezuella \u00fczerindeki ilmekleri s\u0131k\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7abas\u0131ndan geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemektedir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Artan Covid-19 vakalar\u0131 k\u00fcresel petrol talebini azalt\u0131c\u0131 etkisini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Talepteki bu azal\u0131\u015f petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck seviyelerde tutmaya devam etmektedir. Bununla birlikte arz kesintisi kararlar\u0131 ve Rusya-Suudi Arabistan aras\u0131ndaki petrol \u00fcretimi ve fiyatlar\u0131ndaki gerilim fiyatlar\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 sevilerde yer almas\u0131na sebep olmaya devam etmektedir.<\/p>\n<p>Venezuella devletinin ana ekonomik kayna\u011f\u0131 olan petrol ihracat\u0131 t\u00fcm bu geli\u015fmeler \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde Maduro h\u00fck\u00fcmetini gittik\u00e7e zorlayan bir duruma s\u00fcr\u00fcklemektedir. D\u00fcnyada kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f en \u00e7ok petrol kayna\u011f\u0131na sahip \u00fclke konumunda bulunan Venezuella bu kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7 politikadaki s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131lar,k\u00fcresel ekonomideki bozulmalar ve ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bask\u0131lar sebebiyle daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck sevilerde kullanmaya devam etmektedir.\u00dclkede artan petrol arz\u0131 h\u00fck\u00fcmeti baz\u0131 petrol rafinelerinin kapat\u0131lmas\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131 almaya zorlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.Temel prensipte talep yoksa arz de\u011fer kaybeder varsay\u0131m\u0131 Venezuellada kendisini \u015fiddetli \u015fekilde g\u00f6stermektedir. Maduro h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ABD\u2019nin bu h\u00fck\u00fcmeti tan\u0131maz a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 ve kararlar\u0131 sebebiyle petrol rafinelerini Rusya Federasyonu tabanl\u0131 \u015firketler ile i\u015fleme y\u00f6ntemine ge\u00e7i\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n elde etti\u011fi petrol\u00fc en fazla ihra\u00e7 etti\u011fi \u00fclke konumunda yine ABD bulunmaktayd\u0131.Ancak al\u0131nan yapt\u0131r\u0131m kararlar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc Rusya,\u00c7in ve Hindistan\u2019a \u00e7evirdi. T\u00fcrkiye ile ili\u015fkilerin de yap\u0131c\u0131 bir grafikle s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir.Maduro h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ABD ile ters d\u00fc\u015fen a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131 sonras\u0131 Rusya ve T\u00fcrkiye Maduro h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin yan\u0131nda yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.Hali haz\u0131rda Covid-19 pandemisi sebebiyle yeterince zedelenmi\u015f durumda olan Venezuella,ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ABD\u2019nin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m karar\u0131 ile daha da s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir d\u00f6neme giri\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar \u00f6ncesi ABD\u2019ye olan ihracat Venezuela h\u00fck\u00fcmeti i\u00e7in ekonominin \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r.Yapt\u0131r\u0131m kararlar\u0131 sonras\u0131 Venezuella y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc \u00c7in,Hindistan ve Rusya eksenli bir ihracata \u00e7evirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<p>De\u011fi\u015fen bu bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131mlardan dolay\u0131 b\u00f6yle bir hal ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.Ancak \u015fu hususlar g\u00f6zden ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r : ABD bu b\u00f6lgeye \u2018arka bah\u00e7em\u2019 zihniyetiyle yakla\u015fmaya devam etmektedir.\u00d6yle ki ABD d\u00fcnyadaki petrol b\u00f6lgelerinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrece\u011fine dair s\u00f6ylemlerini gizlememektedir. Mevzu bahis arka bah\u00e7em dedi\u011fi yere geldi\u011finde ve bu b\u00f6lgenin petrol zengini oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011fiyle birlikte bu b\u00f6lgedeki denklemde olmay\u0131 bir \u015fekilde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrece\u011fi bir ger\u00e7ektir.\u00d6rnek olarak Venezuella d\u00fcnyan\u0131n bilinen en \u00e7ok petrol rezervine sahip \u00fclkesi konumunda olmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir.Ancak i\u015flemesi zor bir kimyasal yap\u0131ya sahip olmas\u0131 ve Venezuela&#8217;n\u0131n i\u015flemekte zorlanmas\u0131 ba\u015fta ABD olmak \u00fczere di\u011fer \u00fclkeler olmadan bu \u00fcretimi yapmakta zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bir g\u00f6stergesidir. Venezuella petrol\u00fc ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck bir yap\u0131dad\u0131r.Bunun i\u00e7in ba\u015fta gaz ya\u011f\u0131 olmak \u00fczere birden fazla yan \u00fcr\u00fcne de ihtiya\u00e7 duymaktad\u0131r. Bu yan \u00fcr\u00fcnler de genellikle ABD\u2019den temin edilmektedir.Bu durumu \u015fu \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr:<\/p>\n<p>Venezuela \u00fcretim yapmak i\u00e7in ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 temin a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan alternatif \u00fclke veya \u00fclkeler bulmas\u0131n\u0131n,ABD ile olan z\u0131tla\u015fmas\u0131nda ve m\u00fccadelesinde kendi elini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirebilecek bir arg\u00fcman olmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcyle \u00f6nemli bir yer tuttu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc zorunlu ba\u011flar artt\u0131r\u0131lmaz ise ABD\u2019nin uygulayaca\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar artmaya devam edecektir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Bu yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131n en sonuncusunu ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz g\u00fcnlerde a\u00e7\u0131klayan ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Cenevre\u2019de bulunan ve Avrupa k\u00f6kenli m\u00fc\u015fterilere ham petrol satan bir \u015firket de dahil olmakla birlikte iki Rosneft yan kurulu\u015funa yapt\u0131r\u0131m uygulama karar\u0131 ald\u0131. Rosneft Rusya Federasyonu men\u015feili bir \u015firket olup Venezuela&#8217;da bulunan petrol \u00fcretim ve ihrac\u0131n\u0131n belirli bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 elinde bulundurmaktayd\u0131.Al\u0131nan bu karar Maduro h\u00fck\u00fcmeti \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131y\u0131 daha da artt\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 karara h\u0131zl\u0131 bir cevap veren Rosneft Venezuellada bulunan yat\u0131r\u0131m ve ortakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 Rus h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin sahip oldu\u011fu bir \u015firkete devretme karar\u0131 alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu karar Rosneft ve ortaklar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131r\u0131mdan zarars\u0131z \u00e7\u0131kmalar\u0131 ad\u0131na al\u0131nmakla beraber Rusya\u2019n\u0131n ABD&#8217;ye b\u00f6lgede varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tekrar g\u00f6stermesi ve durumun \u015fiddetlendirilmesi dahilinde kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya gelinebilece\u011fi sinyalini vermektedir. Rosneft \u015firketinin ba\u015fkan\u0131 Vlademir Putin\u2019in uzun s\u00fcredir orta\u011f\u0131 olan Igor Seckin\u2019dir.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Covid-19\u2019un ve ABD\u2019nin son yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapt\u0131r\u0131m kararlar\u0131n\u0131n Venezuella h\u00fck\u00fcmetini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc durum \u015fu \u015fekilde a\u00e7\u0131klanabilir:<\/p>\n<p>Venezuela&#8217;n\u0131n ham petrol \u00fcretimi ge\u00e7en hafta g\u00fcnde 464.000 varile geriledi. Ge\u00e7en haftan\u0131n \u00fcretimi \u015eubat ay\u0131na oranla %38 d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f durumdad\u0131r.\u00a0 Venezuela&#8217;n\u0131n ekonomisi ve petrol end\u00fcstrisi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck petrol fiyatlar\u0131,k\u00fcresel talebin daralmas\u0131 ve Covid-19\u2019un yay\u0131lmas\u0131,ABD h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin bask\u0131 ve kararlar\u0131 gibi etkenler nedeniyle \u00e7oklu tehdit senaryolar\u0131na maruz kalmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Venezuella h\u00fck\u00fcmeti bu sorunlara kar\u015f\u0131 neler yapabilir?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>G\u00fcney Amerika b\u00f6lgesi \u00fclkelerle ikili ili\u015fkiler artt\u0131r\u0131larak,b\u00f6lgesel i\u015fbirli\u011fi ve me\u015fruiyet damarlar\u0131 geni\u015fletilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>\u0130\u00e7 politikada \u00fcretim alanlar\u0131 geni\u015fletilmeli ve i\u015fbirli\u011fi olan \u00fclkelerle ticari alanlar geni\u015fletilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Petrol \u00fcretiminde yer alan tesisler \u00fclke ekonomisine en y\u00fcksek fayday\u0131 sa\u011flayacak \u015fekilde organize edilmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>ABD\u2019nin yapt\u0131r\u0131m ve tehditlerine kar\u015f\u0131 Rusya ve \u00c7in eksenli bir dengeleme k\u0131sa vadede uygun g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.Bug\u00fcnki enerji potansiyeli ileriye d\u00f6n\u00fck d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir. Ancak i\u00e7 i\u015flerine kar\u0131\u015fma veya politika uygulatma hususlar\u0131na mahal vermeden bu dengeleme s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Covid-19\u2019un olu\u015fturdu\u011fu talepteki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmal\u0131.\u00dcretimde k\u0131s\u0131tlamalara mecbur kal\u0131nmaya devam edece\u011fi g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurularak \u00fcretim olanaklar\u0131 tedbir oran\u0131nda azalt\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<li>Covid-19 sebebiyle \u00fclke ekonomisinin her zamankinden k\u00f6t\u00fc duruma s\u00fcr\u00fcklenmesine ra\u011fmen ba\u015fta \u00fclke imkanlar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131k sekt\u00f6r\u00fcne a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermek \u00fczere dizayn etmeli bununla birlikte T\u00fcrkiye gibi iyi ili\u015fkileri olan \u00fclkelerden sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131 \u00f6ncelik al\u0131narak yard\u0131m ve ticari ili\u015fkileri artt\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc zaman:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Petrol kayna\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli konumu T\u00fcrkiye a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemi devam etmektedir. Ekonomik olarak s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 s\u00fcre\u00e7lerden ge\u00e7mekte olan Venezuella devleti ve Maduro h\u00fck\u00fcmetinin yan\u0131nda olarak ticaret a\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve ikili ili\u015fkilerini geli\u015ftirme yolunu tercih etmelidir.<\/li>\n<li>Bilindi\u011fi \u00fczere Venezuela\u2019da kullan\u0131lmayan tar\u0131m arazileri mevcuttur.Bu araziler hayvanc\u0131l\u0131k ve tar\u0131m i\u00e7in uygun bir yap\u0131dad\u0131r.Bu b\u00f6lgelere T\u00fcrkiye men\u015feili \u015firketlerin te\u015fvik edilmesi ve \u00fclke ekonomisine katk\u0131 olarak geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmeleri i\u00e7in Venezuela h\u00fck\u00fcmeti ile \u015firketlerimizin ekonomik \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fleri de korunmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00f6nlemler e\u015fli\u011finde g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler yap\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n<li>Venezuela ile petrol ve petrol t\u00fcrevleri kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda mal ve hizmet takas\u0131 devreye sokulabilir.Bu ba\u011flamda hizmet ve in\u015faat sekt\u00f6r\u00fc gibi somut alanlara yer verilmesin yerinde bir karar olaca\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>YAHYA BAYRAK<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Covid-19 Pandemisi ve ABD Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 Ekseninde Venezuela &nbsp; Covid-19\u2019un dahi pek fazla\u00a0 yava\u015flatamad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ABD, Venezuela\u2019n\u0131n i\u00e7 i\u015flerine ve petrol kaynaklar\u0131na m\u00fcdahale etmeye devam etmektedir.D\u00fcnya \u00fczerinde 1 milyonu bulan Covid-19 vakalar\u0131na&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_thinkrank_schema_form_data":"","_thinkrank_selected_schema_type":"","_thinkrank_additional_schemas":"","_thinkrank_canonical_url":"","_thinkrank_og_title":"","_thinkrank_og_description":"","_thinkrank_og_image":"","_thinkrank_twitter_title":"","_thinkrank_twitter_description":"","_thinkrank_twitter_image":"","_thinkrank_imported_from":"","_thinkrank_focus_keywords":[],"_thinkrank_focus_keyword":"","_thinkrank_robots_meta_enabled":0,"_thinkrank_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_advanced_robots_meta":"","_thinkrank_primary_category":0,"footnotes":"","_ppma_block_editor_authors":""},"categories":[106],"tags":[],"ppma_author":[2016],"class_list":["post-9024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kose-yazilari"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - 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